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Summary Forensic Criminology in South Africa Notes (KRM 110)

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An in-depth Summary of chapter 15 in the prescribed textbook (University of Pretoria) for KRM 110. This chapter goes into depth about the origins of criminology and forensic criminology.

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  • Chapter 15
  • November 6, 2023
  • 11
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary
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Chapter 15
KRM 110



Introduction

● A decade ago Van der Hoven stated that forensic criminology allows the

criminologist to provide information to the courts.

○ Motives, causes and possible future prevention of criminal behaviour.

● In SA the significance of the forensic criminologist’s contribution to the CJS has not

been explored.

○ The services of criminologists as expert witnesses in serious cases such as

crimes of violence should be used by the judicial system HOWEVER more

than a decade later criminologists still do not feature in the SA CJS.\


The origin of Criminology

● Early work of Della Porta and Lavater regarding physiognomy (The physical

appearance) and that of Gall and Spurzheim, among others in the field of

phrenology (Study of the shape and size of the cranium).

● Originated from the need to examine particular cases.


The origin of Forensic Criminology

● Sherlock Holmes (Pioneer in Forensic Science).




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, The distinction between criminology, applied and forensic

criminology

● Criminology: Studies crime, criminals, victims, punishment and the prevention and

control of crime.

● The role of the criminologist:

○ Study crime and to interpret and explain crime.

● Applied criminology: When theory is put into action.

● Forensic criminology: Type of applied criminology involving the scientific study of

crime and criminals for the purpose of addressing investigative and legal questions.

○ THUS when applied criminology is put to use in our CJS it can be defined as

forensic criminology.


Forensic criminology

● “Forensic” is used with references to courts of law only.

○ Specialist doing court work in a specific field using scientific methods

(forensic pathologist, forensic criminologist, forensic anthropologist).

○ In the judicial system it is used for legal problems AND legal proceedings.

● Forensic: Application of science to the law.

● Forensic criminology: Applied social science (similar to psychology).

● There is a need for sound, objective, informed scientific evidence to:

1. Assist with criminal investigations.

2. Analysing crime trends.

3. Processing offenders through the judicial system.




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