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Introduction:
- The human body has two systems that co-ordinate it…
= Nervous
= Chemical
- Nervous system…
= They nervous system and the endocrine system Collaborate to produce
an integrated command-and-control system that manages the
development and the daily functions of the human body.
= All other organisms have a measure of the same two systems.
= The more developed the organism the more developed the system.
- how will these two systems integrate is crucial to the functioning of the
organism.
Basic Concepts:
- All Hormones are proteins.
- What is a hormone…
= Chemical Substance involved is a protein or sometimes a steroid,
secreted by an endocrine gland which is carried in the bloodstream
towards target organ.
= When it arrives at regulate metabolic function.
= A target organ or target structure has receptor sites on certain cells that
lock to a particular hormone.
= Sometimes a single organism fected and sometimes the receptors are
scattered throughout the body.
- Endocrine gland…
= Endocrine gland is one which has NO duct.
= The products from the gland are dumped directly into the bloodstream.
= Usually long lasting.
= BUT the exception is adrenaline.
= eg) adrenal gland.
- Exocrine gland…
= It is ducted.
= The products made by the gland are dropped into a duct and then they
travel into the system concerned.
= This is usually short term.
= eg) mammary gland, liver, sweat gland.
, Hypothalamus:
- Is part of the brain and lies above the pituitary gland.
- It controls the release of hormones from the pituitary gland.
- It controls autonomic nervous system.
- It secret ADH ( antidiuretic hormone) which passes into the pituitary gland
and is stored there in the posterior lobe.
- It uses a combination of releasing hormones and nervous impulses to
control the release of hormones from the pituitary gland.
- eg) oxytocin hormone, feel good one.
- Found in the middle of your brain, above the brainstem.
- ADH effects collecting duct in kidney and its target organ is the kidneys.
= It affects the permeability of the walls to absorb more water and it helps
raise blood pressure.
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