Exam (elaborations)
TMN3705 EXAM PACK 2024
- Course
- TMN3705
- Institution
- University Of South Africa
LATEST EXAM PACK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS AND SUMMARIZED NOTES FOR EXAM PREPARATIONS. UPDATED FOR 2024 EXAMS!!
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TMN3705EXAM PACK
2024
LATEST EXAM PACK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
AND SUMMARIZED NOTES FOR EXAM
PREPARATIONS.
UPDATED FOR 2024 EXAMS!!
, lOMoARcPSD|8436517
Stuvia.com - The study-notes marketplace
QUESTION 1: [30 marks]
1) List and explain any two learning theories. (10 marks)
Behaviourism
Behaviourism assumes a learner is essentially passive, and will be shaped through positive or negative
reinforcement. Learning is therefore defined as achange in behaviour. Skinner (1974) believed that
behaviour is a function of its consequences, i.e. learners will repeat the desired behaviour if positive
reinforcement is given. The behaviour should not be repeated if negative feedback is given. Giving
immediate feedback, whether positive or negative, should enable your learners to behave in a certain
way. Positive reinforcement or rewards can include verbal feedback such asThat’s great, you’ve
produced that document without any errorsorYou’re certainly getting on well with that task, through to
more tangible rewards such as a certificate at the end of the grade.
Cognitivism
Piaget (1936) was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitive development. His
contributions include a stage theory of child cognitive development, detailed observational studies of
cognition in children, and a series of simple but ingenious tests to reveal different cognitive abilities.
Cognitivism focuses on what happens in the mind – such as thinking and problemsolving. New
knowledge is built upon prior knowledge and learners need active participation in order to learn.
Changes in behaviour are observed, but only as an indication of what is taking place in the learner’s
mind.
3) How can a Natural Science and Technology teachers accommodate all types of learners
in their lesson planning? (5 marks)
VISUAL AUDITORY READ/WRITE KINESTHETIC
Learn by seeingLearn by hearing Learn by Learn by doing
reading and
writing
Picture aidsRead-alou dDictionaries Practical
assessment
Power pointsVerbal instructionNote-takingHan ds on
GraphicsDiscussionsBooksPhysical work
NSTech teachers can accommodate all types of learners with the above-mentioned learning styles so
learners can be assisted and be given the support they need. Learners must be given sufficient
resources to describe the lessons to the learners so they can understand it properly.
4) How does indigenous knowledge differ from western knowledge regarding Technology?
(5 marks)
Indigenous knowledge Western knowledge
Seeks to understand the world in a more Tries to understand the natural world
holistic way and connecting through all by studying each part individually.
the parts.
Weak in predictive principlesWeak in local areas
Lengthy acquisition Rapid acquisition
Explanations based on examplesExplanations b ased on hypothesis
Long-term wisdom Short term prediction
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