Summary
Chapter 1 Summary
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Not in the mood to read the handbook? Want to understand the slides? This summary helps you survive chapter 1;)
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
Immunology course 7
-
Samenvatting deel 3-5
-
Samenvatting hoofdstuk 2
Seller
Follow
caramestdag
Reviews received
Content preview
CHAPTER 1Immunologie
Cara Mestdag
KU Leuven
CHAPTER 1
, 1
Inhoudsopgave
Basic Concepts in Immunology
Immunology = study of all asects of host defense against infection and also of the adverse consequences of immune
respons
Variolation = the intentional inhalation of or skin infection with material taken from smallpox pustutles of an infected
person for the purpose of deriving protective immunity
Vaccination = the delierate induction of adaptive immunity to a pathogen by injecting a dead or attenuated
(nonpathogenic) live form of the pathogen or its antigens (a vaccine)
Antibody = a protein that binds specifically to a particular substance, called its antigen and neutralize their activity.
Each antibody molecule has a unique structure that enables it to bind specifically to its corresponding antien, but all
antibodies have the same overall structure and are known collectively as immunoglobulins. Antibodies are produced
by differentiated B cells (plasma cells) in response to infection or immunization and bind to and neutralize pathogens
or preparet hem for uptake and destruction by phagocytes.
Complement = set of plasma proteins that act together as a defense against pathogens in extracellular spaces. The
pathogens becomes coated with complement proteins that facilitate its removel by phagocytes and that can also kill
certain pathogens directly. Activation of the complement system can be initiated in several different ways.
Adaptive immunity = a specific response against infection by potential pathogens, such as the production of
antibodies against a particular pathogen; immunity to infection conferred by an adaptive immune response.
develops during the lifetime of an individual as an adation to infection with that pathogen; is distinguished from
innate immunity
Innate immunity = the various innate resistance mechanisms that are encountered first by a pathogen before
adaptive immunity is induced such as anatomical barriers, antimicrobial peptides, the complement system, and
macrophages and neutrophils carrying nonspecific pathogen-recognition receptors. Innate immunity is present in all
individuals at all times, does not increase with repeated exposure to a given pathogen, and discriminates between
groups of similar pathogens, rather than responding to a particular pathogen
Antigen = any molecule (proteins, glycoproteins, polysaccharides of pathogens, metals: nickel, penicillin, organic
chemicals: urushiol) that can bind specifically to an antibody or generate peptide fragments that are recognized by a
T-cell receptor
Antiserum = the fluid component of clotted blood from an immune individual that contains antibodies against the
antigen that was used for immunization. An antiserum contains a mixture of different antibodies that all bind the
, 2
antigen, each of which has a different structure, its own epitope on the antigen, and its own set of cross-reactions.
This heterogeneity makes each antiserum unique.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller caramestdag. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for R58,87. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
64438 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy summaries for 14 years now