These concise summary notes for sale involves condensing information into a format that is easily digestible and valuable for potential buyers and students
4. Funnel analogy
∙ Broad, multidimensional start
∙ Narrows to speci c problems
Key concepts in assessment
1. Reliability
→ Degree of consistency of a measurement
→ Example: ‘Agreement’ between two di erent testing times or between two di erent evaluators
Inter-rater reliability = consistency across two or more raters
→ Eg: if two therapists interview the same patient, will they both conclude that the patient has
major depressive disorder?
Test-retest reliability = consistency across time
2. Validity
→ dertmindes whether the test measure what it is supposed to
Several types
1. Concurrent validity: Comparison of results of one assessment with another measure known to
be valid
2. Predictive validity: How well the assessment predicts outcomes
3. Construct validity: Degree to which test or item measures the unobservable construct it claims
to measure (e.g. depression)
4. Face validity: whether the test items look reasonable + valid at rst glance
3. Standardisation
→ is a process by which a set of standards or norms is established for a technique to ensure its
consistency across di erent measurements. Such standardisation may refer to administrative
procedures, scoring and evaluation of data and/or demographic factors. A good example to
illustrate this concept for students is the SAT
∙ Consistent use of techniques
fi fi ff ff fi ff
, ∙ Provides normative population data
Examples of things that are kept constant
→ Administration procedures
→ Scoring
→ Evaluation of data
Types of Psychological Assessments
The Clinical Encounter
→ most common clinical assessment method
→ Assesses multiple domains
1. Presenting problem
2. Current and past behaviour
3. Detailed history
4. Attitudes and emotion
* especially if the purpose of the encounter is to make one or more diagnoses, another objective
for the clinician is to assess interference (problems caused by the symptoms) and distress (how
much the patient is bothered by symptoms)
Structured : you ask exactly the same questions in the same order
Semistructured (most common) : there is an outline of questions to be followed, but there is
some exibility to focus more or less on certain areas depending on the needs of the interviewee
→ Example of semistructured interview: Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-5 (ADIS-5)
has modules pertaining to anxiety, mood and related disorders, designed to assess DSM-5
criteria
* Clinical interviews may range from 30 minutes to more than four hours, depending on the needs
of the patient and the purpose of the assessment. Longer assessments are necessary for some
research studies and when you are trying to get a complete psychological history (e.g. previous as
well as current diagnoses).
Mental state examination
∙ general appearance
∙ Cognition
∙ Mood and a ect
∙ Reality testing + organisation
fl ff
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller cleosirin. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for R50,00. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
