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Summary- Life Science (Biology) R210,00   Add to cart
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Summary- Life Science (Biology)
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The following document is a incredibly helpful summary of the important topics discussed in the Human Endocrine section in biology. The document includes helpful diagrams to aid understanding.

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  • January 28, 2024
  • 13
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary

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TOPIC 7 RESPONDING TO THE ENVIRONMENT: THE HUMAN ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
UNIT 1 THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
¬ Glands, hormones and target organs

- The endocrine system: a system made up of glands that produce and secrete hormones directly
into the bloodstream.
- Gland: a group of cells that are specialized to produce and secrete a specific chemical substance.
- The role of the endocrine system is to control and coordinate the life processes in the body in
response to changes in the internal and external environments in a way that maintains
homeostasis.
- The endocrine system controls and coordinates the body’s life processes:
1. Growth and development;
2. Metabolism;
3. Osmoregulation; and
4. Reproduction.
- Two types of glands – endocrine glands and exocrine glands.
- Endocrine glands: a ductless gland that secretes its hormone directly into the bloodstream (Part
of the endocrine system). Ex. Pituitary gland and thyroid gland.
- Exocrine gland: A gland that secretes its hormone into a duct. Ex. Digestive glands, salivary
glands and sweat glands.
- Hormone: chemical substance that is produced and secreted in very small amounts into the
bloodstream by the endocrine system.

- Chemical messengers

- they transfer info from one set of somatic cells (body cells) to another to coordinate the
functions of different parts of the body.

- Each hormone controls the functioning




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¬ COMPARISON OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AND THE NERVOUSE SYSTEM

, - The nervous system and the endocrine system both help to control and coordinate the body’s
activity in response to the changes in the internal and external environment.




-
¬ ENDOCRINE GLANDS




-
- The main endocrine glands:
1. The hypothalamus
2. The pituitary gland
3. The pancreas
4. The adrenal glands
5. The gonads (reproductive glands)
1. The hypothalamus:

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