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Chemical Kinetics Easy Notes

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A well sumarized and easy to understand class notes of Chapter- Chemical Kinetics is provided based on the Indian Ncert Textbook for Class 12th. All definations along with Important formulaes are given. Practice questions are also provided with solutions.Best notes for understanding this chapter co...

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  • March 15, 2024
  • 16
  • 2023/2024
  • Class notes
  • Mr. awesh mathur
  • 12
  • Secondary school
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Chemical Kinetics
A+B→C+D


Reactants
Products
Rate




Rat
e
Time Time


N2 + 3H2 ⇋ 2NH3

Rate of decomposition of Rate of formation

−∆ [N 2 ] ∆[ NH 3 ]
N2 =
∆t ∆t

−∆ [ H 2 ]
H2 =
∆t

−∆ [N 2 ] −1 1 ∆[ H 2 ] 1 ∆[ NH 3 ]
Rate of reaction = = =
∆t 3 ∆t 2 ∆t

Time increases, rate of reactant decreases.

−∆ R
Average rate reaction =
∆T
Instantaneous rate reaction
R1
R1
Rate




R2 R2
−R2−R1
=
T 2−T 1
T1 T2 T1 T2
Time Time




Rate of Reaction:
It is defined as change in concentration of reactants or products per unit time.

Instantaneous rate reaction:
It is defined as the change in concentration of any of the reactant or product at a particular instant
of time.



1

,Q. 4NH4 + 5O2 → 4NO + 6N2O

If rate of formation of NO is 3.6 x 10 ─3 mole/L/sec. then calculate rate of disappearance of NH 3. Rate
of formation of H2O.

−1 ∆[ N H 3 ] ∆[ H 2 O] 1
Ans. Rate of reaction = = x 3.6 x 10─3 = 9 x 10─4
4 ∆t ∆t 4

−1 ∆[ N H 3 ]
i.e. = 9 x 10─4
4 ∆t

∆[ N H 3 ]
= ─ 36 x 10─4 ML─1 s─1
∆t

Q. For the reaction 2N2O5 → 4NO + O2. Rate of formation of NO2 is 2.8 x 10─3 mole/L/sec. Calculate rate
of disappearance of N2O5.

∆[ N O2 ] 1
Ans. Rate of reaction = x 2.8 x 10─3
∆t 4

∆(N 2 O5 ) −1
= x 2.8 x 10─3
∆t 4

= ─ 14 x 10─4 ML─1 s─1

Intext 4.1

R →P

0.03 M – 0.02 M

In 25 min.

+ 0.01
Average reaction rate = = 4 x 10─4 ML─1 min─1
25

+ 0.01
In sec. = = 6.6 x 10─6 ML─1 sec─1
1500

Example 4.2

2N2O5 → 4NO2 + O2


Rate =
2[
1 −∆ (N 2 O5 )
∆t ]
1 (2.08−2.33)
= x
2 184

= 6.179 x 10─4 x 60



2

, = 4.07 x 10─2

= 1.13 x 10─5

(NO ¿¿ 2)
∆ ¿ = 6.79 x 10─4 = 2.72 x 10─3
∆t

# Average Reaction Rate:

It is the change in concentration of reactants or products in a fixed interval of time.

Intext 4.2

2A →P

−1 [dA ]
Rate =
2 dt

−1 (0.4−0.5)
=
2 10

−1 −0.1
= x
2 10

1 0.1
= x
2 10

1
=
200

10
=
2000

= 5 x 10─3 mol L─1 min─1

# Factors affecting rate of the reaction:

(a) Directly proportional to the surface area.

(b) ∝ temperature.

(c) ∝ concentration of reactants.

(d) Catalyst also affect (generally increase) rate of reaction.

*

Law of mass action

*

Rate law expression

*



3

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