TRL3703
Assignment 2
Semester 1
2023
INTRODUCTION
, The demand for air cargo services has skyrocketed in recent decades, with a particularly
sharp rise during the COVID-19 pandemic. As passenger flights plummeted, belly cargo
capacity (cargo carried in passenger aircraft) became scarce. This shifted the focus towards
dedicated freighter services, propelling the air cargo industry to new heights. This
Assignment examines the air cargo landscape in South Africa, Nigeria, and Egypt, exploring
recent trends, specific examples, and the future outlook for these vital African economies.
Understanding Air Cargo Operations
Air cargo operations involve the transportation of goods and merchandise by air. They play a
crucial role in global trade, facilitating the swift and efficient movement of a wide range of
products, from essential medical supplies to perishable goods and high-value electronics Air
cargo services typically involve a network of stakeholders, including airlines, freight
forwarders, customs brokers, ground handling agents, and cargo terminals at airports.
There are two main types of air cargo transportation: belly cargo and dedicated freighter
services. Belly cargo refers to the space available for cargo in the hold of passenger aircraft.
Dedicated freighter services, on the other hand, utilize specially designed cargo airplanes
with significantly larger cargo capacities.
South Africa
A Continental Leader in Air Cargo
South Africa stands tall as a leader in African air cargo operations. OR Tambo International
Airport (JNB) in Johannesburg reigns supreme as the continent's busiest cargo hub, handling
a staggering volume exceeding 304,000 tons in 2021 [1]. This prominent position can be
attributed to a confluence of factors, including well-developed infrastructure, a strategic
geographic location, and a robust domestic economy. However, to maintain its dominance
and navigate the ever-evolving landscape of air cargo, South Africa must address potential
challenges and embrace opportunities for continued growth.
A Foundation for Success: Infrastructure and Location
JNB boasts a state-of-the-art cargo terminal equipped with advanced technology to ensure
efficient cargo processing. Automated sorting systems expedite movement, while
temperature-controlled storage safeguards the quality of perishable goods [2]. Robust
security screening procedures further enhance the airport's attractiveness to airlines and
logistics companies.
South Africa's geographical advantage is undeniable. Situated at the southern tip of Africa,
JNB serves as a crucial trade bridge connecting Africa, Europe, and Asia. This strategic
positioning allows airlines to optimize flight routes, catering to a wider range of export and
import destinations, ultimately reducing transportation costs and transit times [3].
Economic Powerhouse Fuelling Demand
