NUR 631 FINAL, PRACTICE EXAM AND
STUDY GUIDE 350 WELL ELABORATEED
DETAILED ANSWERS|RATED A+
What is the primary problem resulting from respiratory distress
syndrome (RDS) of the newborn?
a. Consolidation
b. Pulmonary edema
c. Atelectasis
d. Bronchiolar plugging - ANSWER-c. Atelectasis
...
NUR 631 FINAL, PRACTICE EXAM AND
STUDY GUIDE 350 WELL ELABORATEED
DETAILED ANSWERS|RATED A+
What is the primary problem resulting from respiratory distress
syndrome (RDS) of the newborn?
a. Consolidation
b. Pulmonary edema
c. Atelectasis
d. Bronchiolar plugging - ANSWER-c. Atelectasis
EXPLANATION
The primary problem is atelectasis, which
causes significant hypoxemia and is difficult for
the neonate to overcome because a significant
negative inspiratory pressure is required to
open the alveoli with each breath. None of the
other options are considered a primary
problem associated with RDS. page 1301
What are the abnormalities in cytokines found in children with
cystic fibrosis (CF)?
,a. Deficit of interleukin(IL)-1 and an excess of IL-4, IL-12, and
interferon-alpha (IFN-α)
b. Deficit of IL-6 and an excess of IL-2, IL-8 and granulocyte
colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)
c. Deficit of IL-10 and an excess of IL-1, IL-8 and TNF α
d. Deficit of IL-3 and an excess of IL-14, IL- 24 & colony-stimulating
factor (CSF) - ANSWER-c. Deficit of IL-10 and an excess of IL-1 , IL-8
and TNF α
EXPLANATION
Abnormal cytokine profiles have been
documented in CF airway fluids, including
deficient IL-10 and excessive IL-1, IL-8, and
TNF-α, all changes conducive to promoting
inflammation. pages 1311-12
Which compensatory mechanism is spontaneously used by children
diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot to relieve hypoxic spells?
a. Lying on their left side
b. Performing the valsalva maneuver
c. Squatting
d. hyperventilating - ANSWER-c. Squatting
,EXPLANATION
squatting is a spontaneous compensatory
mechanism used by older children to alleviate
hypoxic spells. Squatting and its variants
increase systemic resistance while decreasing
venous return to the heart from the inferior
vena cava. The other options would not result
in these changes. pg 1209
An infant diagnosed with a small patent ductus arteriosus would
likely exhibit which symptom?
a. Intermittent murmur
b. Lack of symptoms
c. Need for surgical repair
d. Triad of congenital defects - ANSWER-b. Lack of symptoms
EXPLANATION
Infants with a small PDA usually remain
asymptomatic. page 1203-1204
Fluid in the pleural space characterizes which condition?
a. Pleural effusion
b. Atelectasis
c. Bronchiectasis
d. Ischemia - ANSWER-a. Pleural Effusion
, EXPLANATION
Pleural effusion is the presence of fluid in the
pleural space. page1254
Which medication classification is generally included in the
treatment of silicosis?
a. Corticosteroids
b. Antiboitics
c. Bronchodilators
d. Expectorants - ANSWER-a. Corticosteroids
EXPLANATION
No specific treatment exists for silicosis,
although corticosteroids may produce some
improvement in the early, more acute stages.
page 1259
The risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) decreases for
premature infants when they are born between how many weeks of
gestation?
a. 16 and 24
b. 20 and 24
c. 24 and 30
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