Summary
Summary Democracy in South Africa (Matric IEB History)
- Course
- History
- Institution
- 12th Grade
Class notes taken during the Road to Democracy section. A summary of how democracy was fought for in South Africa.
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Democracy in South AfricaSource-based section
Background
• 1989:
• End of the Cold War (Berlin Wall comes down)
• PW Botha suffers a stroke so FW Klerk is elected as the new leader of
the NP
• Does not want apartheid to continue
• Looking at the time Mandela was released from jail to the time he was
made president
• The road to democracy
• Took 4 years
The Negotiated Settlement and Government of National Unity
• Negotiated settlement = change for SA (new direction - to democracy)
• NP and ANC working together in 1994 when we became a democracy
• Background:
• America needed to focus on their internal affairs (CRM)
• Russia lost money due to the collapse of the USSR and couldn’t support
SA
• Businesses in SA were losing money so they place pressure on the
government to end apartheid
• Secret negotiations (with ANC in exile + Mandela):
• Businesses wanted to know how they could contribute and compromise in
order to create democracy in SA
• The government did not involve themselves until they realised change
was needed
• Did not want to end apartheid (it benefitted them)
• Order of meetings
• Groote Schuur (dinner at president’s house in Rondebosch) ➡️ Pretoria
Minute (suspending the armed struggle) ➡️ National Peace Accord (27 signed commitment
to work together)
• These meetings were leading up to a conference that was to be held at
the World Trade Centre in Kempton Park
• Mandela was moved to another prison because it took too much time to
travel to Robben Island
• Escorted him to
• FW de Klerk released political prisoners except for Mandela (among
other changes)
• Would only be released unconditionally
• White Afrikaners and conservatives (right-winged) were not happy
• NP had destroyed the idea of apartheid which was ‘detrimental’ to them
• Power vacuum
• ANC, NP, AWB, IFP, PAC, SACP trying to obtain power
CODESA 1
• Convention for a Democratic South Africa
• Transitional government before CODESA meetings
• Did not completely end apartheid straight away
• Have to draw up a plan on how the country should be run first
• Interim
• 20 December 1991
• Negotiations for a new Constitution
• Some parties refused to go as they did not want that to be their future
• The Zulu King believed that these meetings were not recognising the
fact that there was a Zulu kingdom that he had control over
• Declaration of intent was signed to confirm commitment
• Matters had to be dealt with in order to establish a plan regarding how
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