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, QUESTION 1Functionalism is one of the major theories in Sociology of education.
Provide a brief explanation of what Sociology of education as discipline entails.
(10)
The sociology of education refers to how individuals' experiences shape the way they
interact with schooling. More specifically, the sociology of education examines the ways
in which individuals' experiences affect their educational achievement and outcomes.
Some examples of sociology include studying racial issues, gender dynamics,
phenomena and feelings around entertainment, the structure of different social
institutions, and the development of different social movements. The sociology of
education is the study of how public institutions and individual experiences affect
education and its outcomes. It is mostly concerned with the public schooling systems of
modern industrial societies, including the expansion of higher, further, adult, and
continuing education. Educational sociology focuses attention on the social factors that
both cause and are caused by education. Through its particular analytical perspective,
social theories, and research methods, sociology is a discipline that expands our
awareness and analysis of the human social relationships, cultures, and institutions that
profoundly shape both our lives and human history. “Meighan, R. & Siraj-Blatchford, I.
(1997) A Sociology of Educating (3rd Ed), Cassell, London,
https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com’.
QUESTION 2
The works of Emile Durkheim focus on how social order is possible and how society can
remain stable despite the many influences that can destabilise social order.
With the above in mind, briefly explain Durkheim’s point of view regarding the
role of educational institutions to uphold the equilibrium between individual
rights and the interest of society. (10)
Durkheim believed that educational institutions are essential for maintaining social
equilibrium by promoting a shared collective consciousness, transmitting moral values,
and instilling a sense of social responsibility in individuals. Through education, society
can reconcile individual rights with the interests of the broader community, thereby
ensuring social order and stability. Durkheim argued that educational institutions act as
agents of socialization, equipping individuals with the necessary knowledge, skills, and
values to function effectively within society. By imparting a common understanding of
societal norms and moral codes, education fosters social integration and cohesion as
individuals identify with and internalize the values and interests of the larger society.
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