Summary
Summary Tourism Grade 12 Guide
- Course
- Tourism
- Institution
- 12th Grade
Has questions and answers on tourism and great summary notes and good explanations
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, TOURISM GR 12 THIS WEEKS WORK.HANDOUTS WILL BE GIVEN TO YOU OF THE WORK WE HAVE DONE. , SO YOU DO NOT
HAVE TO PRINTOUT THE WORK . DO THE EXERCISES IN YOUR BOOK. USE THE MEMOS
AND MARK YOUR WORK. MAKE SURE THAT YOU HAVE DONE ALL THE EXERCISES I
HAVE SEND YOU VIA OUR WEBSITE DURING THE LAST FEW WEEKS. …. AJ GROBLER
FOREIGN EXCHANGE
GDP – Gross Domestic Product is a total value of all goods and services produced in a
country in one year.
Currency – another name for money.
Foreign currency – money from another country.
Exchange Rate – the value of one currency expressed in terms of another.
Foreign exchange – the process of converting one currency to another currency.
Fluctuations – the process whereby the value of money changes from time to time.
Changes in the value of the exchange rate follow an upwards or downwards (strengthen
and weakens) trend over an extended period of time.
BBR – Bank Buying Rate is the rate used by the bank to buy foreign currency.
BSR – Bank Selling Rate is the rate used by the bank to sell foreign currency.
Benefits of a healthy GDP A healthy
GDP results in
Job creations
Skills development
Infrastructure development
Great output of export
Attract investment
How tourism contribute to the GDP of the country
Using tourism products and services results in increase of taxes and levies which contribute
to the GDP.
Standards of living will be improved through money directly and indirectly earned by
tourism.
It will set the multiplier effect into motion, creating job and entrepreneurial opportunities
thereby improving the standards of living.
It contributes through infrastructural development.
Skills development can be encouraged. Causes for the Rand Fluctuation
Economic upsets
Strikes
Labour unrest
Global Events
Seasonality
Political changes
The Impact of weak rand on Inbound and outbound tourism
, Inbound- Increase of foreign visitors to South Africa. Increase in tourism spending- more
value for money. Increase in length of stay.
Outbound- Fewer South Africans choose to travel overseas because it is expensive.
Tourists spend less at international destinations. More choose to travel domestically –
increase in domestic travel.
ICONS
An icon is a significant feature of a country that makes that country famous all over the
world.
An attraction could be anything that causes tourists to visit a destination. Ways in which
increasing number of visitors to a particular icon or attraction lead to economic
growth in South Africa
The tourism services providers make a profit, setting the multiplier effect into motion.
Leads to increase in job opportunities, infrastructure development, rise of new businesses
and expansion of existing establishments,
Citizens benefit directly or indirectly due to the increased number of tourists entering the
country.
Earn valuable foreign exchange.
Factors contributing to the success of a tourist attraction
Excellent marketing at both local and international level
Sustainable and responsible management plans
Efficiency and ethical behaviour of staff and management
Positive experience of visitors
Safety and crime prevention
General appearance and upkeep of the attraction
Considering the needs of people with disabilities and universal access
Characteristics of a successful tourist attraction
Actual visitor number exceed target number
Repeat visits
Income generated exceeds target figures
Positive impact on the local community and the environment
WORLD HERITAGE SITES
UNESCO
UNESCO – United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Main aim of
UNESCO
To contribute to peace and security in the world and by bringing the nations of the world
together.
To declare and protect world heritage sites. Functions of UNESCO
Constant monitoring to maintain and protect the status of the World Heritage Sites.
, Provide support in terms of management plans.
Promote co-operation and development
Assistance with upgrading of facilities in the event of an unforeseen occurrence.
Encourage people to nominate sites to be included in the World Heritage Site list.
1. Cradle of Humankind (Fossil Hominid Sites) – Cultural site
Declared in 1999
Found in Gauteng and North West Province and Limpopo
Contains evidence of fossil remains dating back millions of years.
Criteria: (iii)(vi)
Criterion (iii): The nominated serial site bears exceptional testimony to some of the most
important Australopithecine specimens dating back more than 3.5 million years.
Criterion (vi): The serially nominated sites are situated in unique natural settings that have
created a suitable environment for the capture and preservation of human and animal
remains that have allowed scientists a window into the past.
2. Robben Island – Cultural site
Declared in 1999
Found in Western Cape
Buildings on Robben Island bear unusual evidence to our history.
It was once used as a hospital, military base and prison.
Robben Island symbolises freedom and democracy over oppression stemming from our
history of apartheid which signifies universal significance.
Criteria: (iii) (vi)
Criterion (iii): The building of Robben Island bear eloquent witness to its sombre history.
Criterion (vi): Robben Island and its prison buildings symbolise the triumph of the human
spirit, of freedom and of democracy over oppression.
3. Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape – Cultural site
Declared in 2003
Found in Limpopo Province
Represents the Iron Age and is the site where the golden rhinoceros was found.
Criteria: (ii)(iii)(iv)(v)
Criterion (ii): Contains evidence of human cultural activities, over a period of time that led
to cultural and social changes between the AD 900 and 1300.
Criterion (iii): Remains in the area serve as evidence to the growth and decline of the
culture/ civilisation which existed in the Mapungubwe state.
Criterion (iv): Mapungubwe served as a powerful trading state through East African ports
with Arabia and India.
Criterion (v): The remains in the Mapungubwe graphically illustrate the impact of climate
change and record the growth and then decline of the Kingdom of Mapungubwe as a clear
record of a culture that became vulnerable to irreversible change.
4. Isimangaliso Wetland Park – Natural site
Declared in 1999
Found in KwaZulu Natal
Criteria: (vii)(ix)(x)
Criterion (vii): The site is geographically diverse with superlative scenic vistas along its
220km coast.
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