Summary
Summary KRM 310 - Section A - Unit 7
- Course
- KRM 310 (KRM310)
- Institution
- University Of Pretoria (UP)
complete summary of unit 7 section A of KRM 310
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Study Unit 7 – Social Control PerspectvesTHE DELINQUENCY AND DRIFT THEORY OF MATZA AND SYKES (10)
- The process of becoming a delinquent begins when a juvenile neutralises himself/herself from the
moral bounds of the law and drifs into delinquency
- Drif means that “the delinquent transiently exists in limbo between conventon and crime
responding in turn to the demands of each firtng now with one now the other but postponing
commitment evading decision. Thus he drifs between criminal and conventonal actonn
- Drift theory does place far greater importance than diferental associaton theory on the exercise
of juveniles’ choices and on the sense of injustce that juveniles feel about the discriminatory
treatment they have received
- Fundamental to his analysis is the correlaton that delinquent youths remain integrated into the
wider society and that a violaton of legal norms does not mean surrendering allegiance to them
- Delinquency becomes permissible when responsibility is neutralised
- Neutralisaton provides a means of understanding how delinquents insulate themselves from
responsibility for wrongdoing
- There are fve techniques of neutralisaton or justfcatons of delinquent behaviour that precede
delinquent behaviour and make such behaviours possible by defending it as acceptable:
1. Denial of responsibility (“I didn’t mean itn)
2. Denial of injury (“I didn’t hurt anyonen)
3. Denial of the victm (“They had I coming to themn)
4. Condemnaton of the condemners (“vveryone is picking on men)
5. Appeal to higher loyaltes (“I didn’t do it for myselfn)
- Characteristcs of a delinquent:
The primacy of custom relates to the male delinquent’s observaton of the virtues of his
subculture
> These virtues stress the “traditonal precepts of manliness celebratng as they do the
heroic themes of honour valour and loyalty
In a group setng the delinquent must demonstrate valour and loyalty when faced with
dare challenge and insult
The asserton of tort which has to do with private transacton between the accused and the
victm occurs when the subcultural delinquent considers a harmful wrong to be a tort
instead of a crime
Subcultural delinquents frequently believe that the justce process cannot be invoked unless
the victm is willing to fle a complaint
CONTAINMENT THEORY OF RECKLESS (10)
- Reckless developed containment theory to explain crime and delinquency
- Containment theory which can explain both conforming behaviour and deviancy has two
reinforcing elements
1. An inner control system
2. An outer control system
- Containment theory does not explain the entre spectrum of delinquent behaviour
vlements of Containment Theory
1. Inner containment - self-components such as self-control positve self-concept well-developed
superego ego strength high frustraton tolerance high resistance to diversions high sense of
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