Essay
SMN401S ASSESSMENT 3 SEMESTER 1 2024
- Course
- UNISA (SMN401S)
- Institution
- University Of South Africa (Unisa)
SMN401S ASSESSMENT 3 SEMESTER 1 2024
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Table of Contents
Introduction ................................................................................................................ 3
Internal role players .................................................................................................... 3
External Role Players ............................................................................................... 13
References ............................................................................................................... 14
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Introduction
Budget is the government’s tool that helps in the strategic allocation and utilisation of
national or public resources towards achieving the social good. According to Molepo
and Jahed (2023) budget is usually expressed as a statement that details all the
sources of income and applications of expenditure in the public sector for a given
period. The budget according to Sambo (2022) is prepared ahead of the period in
which it will be effected and there are various stakeholders or role players who partake
in making and executing the budget. These include internal and external role players
within the public sector. This essay seeks to identify and discuss these role players
and some examples of key stakeholders to be discussed in this essay include citizens,
employees, agencies, unions, NGOs, CSOs and others.
Internal role players
According to Jahed (2020) internal role players in the budget process refer to the
individuals or departments within an organization that are involved in the creation,
review, and approval of the budget. These role players play a crucial role in ensuring
that the budget aligns with the organization's goals and objectives. Some common
internal role players in the budget process include the National Treasury, National and
Provincial departments, the Budget Council, Cabinet and Provincial Executive
Council, Financial and Fiscal Commission (FFC) and National and Provincial
Legislatures.
National Treasury
Section 216 of the Constitution states that national legislation must establish a
National Treasury and prescribes measures to ensure both transparency and
expenditure control in each sphere of government by introducing: Generally
recognised accounting practice; Uniformed expenditure classifications; Uniform
treasury norms and standards. The National Treasury is responsible for coordinating
the budgetary process. Essentially, the national treasury is responsible for the
government’s overall macroeconomic and fiscal policy. The National Treasury
coordinates with provinces (particularly provincial treasuries) and other departments
to compile the national budget and is also responsible for fiscal discipline and debt
3
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