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Med Surg VATI questions and answers A+ grade guaranteed 2024/2025
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Med Surg VATI questions and answers A+ grade guaranteed 2024/2025
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Med Surg vATIA nurse is caring for a client who has atopic dermatitis and a prescription for triamcinolone
ointment. The nurse should assess the client to monitor for which of the following adverse
effects? - ANSThinning of the skin.
Thinning of the skin and delayed healing are adverse effects of topical glucocorticoid
preparations. The client should only apply the ointment to dry patches of the skin because
topical steroids can cause atrophy of the dermis and epidermis, which can result in thinning
of the skin.y.
Topical Glucocorticoids Side effects - ANSTiamcinolone
- Hypopigmentation
- Excessive hair growth (hypertrichosis)
- Thinning of the skin
A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as a manifestation of left-sided heart failure? - ANSFrothy sputum
Pink-tinged frothy sputum can be an early indication of pulmonary edema and can be
life-threatening. Therefore, the nurse should notify the provider immediately.
*The nurse should identify that frothy sputum, dyspnea, and wheezing are manifestations of
left-sided heart failure. Treatment includes fluid restriction and diuretics to decrease preload
and reduce pulmonary congestion. Pink-tinged frothy sputum can be an early indication of
pulmonary edema and can be life-threatening. Therefore, the nurse should notify the
provider immediately.
Left Sided Heart Failure - ANS- Frothy sputum
- Dyspnea
- Wheezing
Treatment:
Fluid restriction & diuretics to decrease preload & pulmonary congestion
Right heart sided failure - ANS- Dependent edma
- Jugular distention
- Weight gain
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anxiety as well as numbness and tingling of
the lips and fingers.
The client's ABGs are: pH 7.48, PCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L, PaO2 85 mm Hg.
Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify that the client is
experiencing? - ANSRespiratory alkalosis
- The pH is alkaline
,- PCO2 is low representing alveolar hyperventilation & respiratory alkalosis
A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect? - ANSOsteoporosis
Bone become thinner as a result of mineral loss & nitrogen depletion.
A nurse is inspecting the skin of a client who has basal cell carcinoma. The nurse should
identify which of the following lesion characteristics on the client's skin? - ANSA pearly, waxy
nodule.
- Basal cell carcinoma has a nodular lesion with well defined borders & pearly or waxy
apperance from ocerexposure to the sun.
Melanoma - ANSIrregular border and varigated colored lesions of red, white, blue.
- Most often on the upper back or lower legs
Squamous cell carcinoma - ANSFirm, nodular, and crusty lesion with an ulcerated center
from sun exposure, chronic irritation, burns, or irradiation to the skin.
weeping vescile - ANSHerpes Zoster
- Weeping, blister type lesions.
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is overusing prescribed
diuretics and has a sodium level of 127 mEq/L. Which of the following laboratory findings
should the nurse expect? - ANSLOW URINE SPECFIC GRAVITY.
*A client who has hyponatremia as a result of diuretic overuse has a low urine specific
gravity. The increased excretion of water alters the ratio of particulate matter, which affects
the specific gravity.
Hyponatremia - ANS- Low specific gravity
- Elevated hemoglobin
A home health nurse is assisting a client with planning care for a family member who has
Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? -
ANSRemove clutter from rooms and hallways
- This allows the client is able to walk without the risk of falling or tripping over objects. Later
in the disease, the client can experience seizures, so cluttered areas could be a risk to the
client
Alzheimer's interventions - ANS- Single date calender
- Redirect the client by starting another activity
- Use short, simple senteces when explaining an activity
- Explanation should be done immediately before an activity
, A nurse is caring for a client who has developed acute respiratory distress syndrome
(ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of this
syndrome? - ANSREFRACTORY HYPOXEMIA
- A client who has ARDS has refractory hypoxemia, which is hypoxemia that does not
improve with oxygen therapy. Extensive pulmonary edema evident on a chest x-ray is a
manifestation of ARDS.
Pulmonary embolism - ANS- Pleural friction rub
- Tachypnea
- Tachycardia
- Dyspnea
- Sudden, sharp chest pain
Tension pneumothorax - ANS- Trachial deviation
- Dyspnea
- Tachycardia
- Tachypnea
- Decreased or absent breath sounds over area
Lung cancer - ANSHemoptysis
Bloody expectorant when coughing
An emergency room nurse is assessing a client who has asthma and difficulty breathing.
Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing
status asthmaticus? - ANSUSE OF ASSCESSORY MUSCLES.
- A client who has status asthmaticus uses accessory muscles to help facilitate breathing,
which is a manifestation of a severe airflow obstruction. The situation is life-threatening and
the nurse should intervene immediately with strong systemic bronchodilators, epinephrine,
corticosteroids, and oxygen.
status asthmaticus - ANS- Labored breathing & wheezing
- Distended neck veins
- Use of accessory muscle
- Bronchodilators
- Epinephrine
- Corticosteroids
- Oxygen
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for PHENYTOIN to treat a seizure
disorder. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report
IMMEDIATELY to the provider? - ANSSKIN RASH.
- the nurse should determine that the priority finding is a rash, which can have a measles-like
appearance and progress to exfoliative dermatitis or Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The client
should report this finding to the provider immediately.
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