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MIP1501 Assignment 2 (COMPLETE ANSWERS) 2024 (792113) - DUE 15 June 2024
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- MIP1501
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- University Of South Africa
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MIP1501Assignment 2
(COMPLETE
ANSWERS)
2024 (792113) -
DUE 15 June
2024
CONTACT: biwottcornelius@gmail.com
,Question 1 (24) 1.1. Compare the Egyptian and the Babylonian numeration
systems in terms of the number of symbols, functionality, and possible uses.
(10)
The Egyptian and Babylonian numeration systems, both ancient and influential, showcase
distinct characteristics in terms of their symbols, functionality, and applications.
1. Number of Symbols:
Egyptian Numeration System: Primarily based on hieroglyphs and hieratic script,
the Egyptian system employed a rather limited set of symbols. It used simple
strokes and combinations of symbols to represent numbers. The system had
symbols for powers of ten, such as a single stroke for one, a heelbone for ten, a
coil of rope for a hundred, etc.
Babylonian Numeration System: In contrast, the Babylonian system was more
complex and versatile. It utilized a sexagesimal (base 60) system, employing a
combination of wedge-shaped marks impressed into clay tablets. The system
featured symbols not only for basic numbers but also for fractions and positional
notation, making it more adaptable to complex arithmetic.
2. Functionality:
Egyptian Numeration System: The Egyptian system was more rudimentary and
suited primarily for basic counting and simple arithmetic tasks. Its lack of a
placeholder made calculations cumbersome and limited its functionality in
advanced mathematics.
Babylonian Numeration System: The Babylonian system, with its use of positional
notation and placeholder concept, allowed for more advanced mathematical
operations such as multiplication, division, and even square roots. Its versatility
made it well-suited for complex calculations, including those used in astronomy
and commerce.
3. Possible Uses:
Egyptian Numeration System: The Egyptian system found applications in record-
keeping, taxation, measuring land, and other basic administrative tasks of ancient
Egypt. However, its limitations restricted its use mainly to simple calculations and
practical measurements.
Babylonian Numeration System: The Babylonian system's sophistication and
adaptability facilitated its use in various fields, including astronomy, geometry,
, and commerce. Its ability to handle fractions and complex calculations made it
indispensable for tasks requiring precision and accuracy.
In summary, while both the Egyptian and Babylonian numeration systems were significant
advancements in their time, the Babylonian system's complexity and versatility surpassed that of
the Egyptian system, allowing for more advanced mathematical operations and a wider range of
applications in various fields.
1.2. Write down three similarities and three differences of the numerations
listed in 1.1. (6)
Certainly! Let's outline three similarities and three differences between the Egyptian and
Babylonian numeration systems:
Similarities:
1. Ancient Origins: Both the Egyptian and Babylonian numeration systems have ancient
origins and were developed independently in ancient civilizations.
2. Symbolic Representation: Both systems utilize symbols to represent numbers. While the
Egyptian system employed hieroglyphs and simple strokes, the Babylonian system used
wedge-shaped marks impressed into clay tablets.
3. Cultural Significance: Both numeration systems played crucial roles in their respective
cultures. They were integral to various aspects of society, including commerce, record-
keeping, and religious practices.
Differences:
1. Base System: The Egyptian numeration system is based on a decimal (base 10) system,
whereas the Babylonian system is based on a sexagesimal (base 60) system. This
fundamental difference in base significantly impacts the structure and representation of
numbers in each system.
2. Symbol Complexity: While the Egyptian system primarily used simple strokes and
hieroglyphs to represent numbers, the Babylonian system employed more complex
symbols, including wedge-shaped marks for basic numbers and positional notation for
larger values. This complexity allowed the Babylonian system to handle a wider range of
numerical operations.
3. Functionality and Versatility: The Babylonian numeration system is more versatile and
functional compared to the Egyptian system. The Babylonian system's use of positional
notation, placeholders, and fractions enabled it to perform complex mathematical
operations such as multiplication, division, and square roots, whereas the Egyptian
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