,QUESTION 1: (12)
1.1 Hill (2008) identifies different levels of language development in young learners.
1.1.1 Discuss the language development of learners who are at the Early-reading
level and explain how the knowledge of these stages will enable teachers to assist
learners in developing language in class. (6)
Language Development at the Early-Reading Level:
●
Phonemic Awareness: Learners at the early-reading level begin to understand that words are
made up of individual sounds (phonemes). They can recognize and manipulate these sounds
which is crucial for decoding words.
●
Basic Decoding Skills: These learners start to recognize common sight words and can decod
simple words using their knowledge of letter-sound relationships. They are beginning to read
simple texts with familiar vocabulary.
●
Vocabulary Expansion: At this stage, children’s vocabularies are growing rapidly. They start to
understand and use a wider range of words, including some that are less common and more
complex.
●
Comprehension Skills: Early readers begin to understand the basic ideas in a text. They can
answer simple questions about the content and make basic inferences.
●
Print Awareness: Learners at this level understand basic concepts about print, such as readin
from left to right and top to bottom, recognizing punctuation marks, and knowing that words a
separated by spaces.
How Knowledge of These Stages Enables Teachers to Assist Learners:
●
Tailored Instruction: Understanding these stages helps teachers provide appropriate instructio
that meets learners where they are. For example, teachers can focus on phonemic awarenes
activities for those who need it and introduce more complex vocabulary to those ready for it.
●
Targeted Activities: Teachers can design activities that support each specific aspect of
language development, such as phonemic awareness games, decoding practice, and
vocabulary-building exercises.
●
Assessment and Feedback: Knowledge of language development stages allows teachers to
accurately assess learners’ progress and provide specific feedback to support further
development.
●
Encouragement and Support: Teachers can create a supportive environment that encourages
reading and language use, providing positive reinforcement that builds learners’ confidence
and motivation.
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