Class notes

Class notes Organic Chemistry: functional groups and isomers

0 purchase

Course
Organic Chemistry

Institution
12th Grade

An in depth dive into beginner organic chemistry with detailed examples, definitions that are colour coded. Has pictures and 3D diagrams of organic chemistry structures for understanding.

[Show more]

Preview 3 out of 18 pages

View example

Uploaded on June 20, 2024
Number of pages 18
Written in 2023/2024
Type Class notes
Professor(s) Professor bourne
Contains All classes

class notes

Institution 12th Grade
Course Organic Chemistry
Schooljaar 200

R121,33

Add to cart

Save

100% satisfaction guarantee
Immediately available after payment
Both online and in PDF
No strings attached

Formal charge
A formal charge is the difference between no of valence electrons .
has when
unbonded and the number of electrons it "owns" when bonded .

Formal. = no . of valence -

no of e post bond

Example :
"shared
FC =

=
VE

6
-

-
(NBE

6
-

E(2)
+ BE)
bonds
·
Neutral atoms have a formal charge of Zero
·
lons have a formal charge of the charge of the ion
.

·
Carbocation is a atom
containg positively charged carbon atom
a .

·
Carbanion is an atom
containing a negatively charged carbon atom
.

·
Radical is an atom with an oad no ·
Ofe

VSEPR theory
·

A model to predict 3D structure/molecular shape
.

& valence electrons of central atom far as possible to minimize repuls-
are as away
ions
1880
.

I
:

Linear

Trigonal planar
j

Tetrahedral

,When determing electron-group arrangement :
1 . Of t
Count no
groups including lone pairs
.
2 This doesn't determine shape , merely the subgroup
.

2 molecular shapes of trigonal planar
I

· OR X
/ I
Bent Trigonal planar

A double bond has greaterI density and repels the single bond and so theres

deviation.

3 molecular shapes of tetrahedral

eg Ammonia (NH4)
I & ⑧
E
(107 , 3 %

X X slight deviation

L &
11
Tetrahedral Trigonal planar
8
·
⑧

X / < 1095
S
&
1
Bent (V-shaped)

, Hybridization

·
is
HS #
s
Double bond-pibond and one
sigma bond
sp2
Sp C
*
single bond > Sigma
-
bond o
S
H #S
·
How are double bonds formed ?
3 groups
: 3 orbitals are
required

PPP
s

sp" and one unhybridized p orbital .

·
How is a triple bonded ethyne formed ?

H 2 CH

pp p
S

sp orbital with 2 unhybridized porbitals .
(2 sideways overlap
& formed from S-sp (head on overlap

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying this summary from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller keitu1712. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy this summary for R121,33. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

66662 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy summaries for 15 years now

Start selling

Seller

Exam (elaborations) ·