Printed and published by the
University of South Africa
Muckleneuk, Pretoria
CMY2603/1/2020–2022
70528179
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CONTENTS
Page
OVERVIEW v
LEARNING UNIT 1:Introduction and terminology overview 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 KEY CONCEPTS 2
1.3 THE EUROCENTRIC INFLUENCE ON SOUTH AFRICAN CHILDREN AND2YOUTH
1.4 SUMMARY 5
1.5 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 6
1.5.1 Self-assessment paragraph questions 6
1.5.2 Self-assessment multiple-choice questions 6
1.5.3 Feedback on self-assessment for paragraph questions 6
1.5.4 Feedback on self-assessment for multiple-choice questions 6
LEARNING UNIT 2:The nature and extent of child and youth misbehaviour in South
7 Africa
2.1 INTRODUCTION 7
2.2 STATUS OFFENCES 8
2.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILD AND YOUTH OFFENCES 9
2.4 SEXUAL OFFENCES 10
2.5 VIOLENT OFFENCES 10
2.6 DRUG USE AMONG YOUTHS 13
2.7 OTHER CATEGORIES OF YOUTH OFFENCES 13
2.8 THE CHRONIC JUVENILE OFFENDER 14
2.9 OFFICIAL AND UNOFFICIAL CRIME INFORMATION SOURCES 14
2.10 SUMMARY 15
2.11 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 15
2.11.1 Self-assessment for paragraph questions 15
2.11.2 Self-assessment for multiple-choice questions 15
2.11.3 Feedback on self-assessment for paragraph questions 16
2.11.4 Feedback on self-assessment for multiple-choice questions 16
LEARNING UNIT 3:Risk factors pertaining to youth offenders 17
3.1 INTRODUCTION 18
3.2 KEY CONCEPTS 18
3.3 RISK FACTORS ON A SOCIAL LEVEL 19
3.4 FAMILY VARIABLES 20
3.5 RISK FACTORS IN THE SCHOOL 23
3.6 EXTRAFAMILIAL RELATIONSHIP FACTORS 24
3.7 RISK FACTORS ON AN INDIVIDUAL LEVEL 25
3.8 HISTORY OF CONDUCT AMONG YOUNG OFFENDERS 27
3.9 IDENTIFIED COMBINATIONS OF RISK FACTORS 27
3.10 SUMMARY 27
3.11 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 27
3.11.1 Self-assessment for multiple-choice questions 27
3.11.2 Self-assessment paragraph questions 28
3.11.3 Feedback on multiple-choice questions 28
3.11.4 Feedback on paragraph questions 28
(iii) CMY2603/1/2020–2022
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