FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING: OXYGENATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
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Course
NURSING
Institution
NURSING
FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING: OXYGENATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
Respiration
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during cellular metabolism
3 Steps of the process of oxygenation:
1. Ventilation
2. Perfusion
3. Diffusion
(1) Ventilation
process of moving gases into and out of lu...
FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING: OXYGENATION QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
Respiration
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during cellular metabolism
3 Steps of the process of oxygenation:
1. Ventilation
2. Perfusion
3. Diffusion
(1) Ventilation
process of moving gases into and out of lungs
The Major inspiratory muscle of respiration is the ________________.
Diaphragm
(2) Perfusion
the ability of the cardiovascular system to pump oxygenated blood to the tissues and
return deoxygenated blood to the lungs
(3) Diffusion
the process of exchange of respiratory gases in the alveoli and capillaries
Work of Breathing (WOB)
the effort required to expand and contract the lungs
The amount of energy expended on breathing depends on: (3)
- rate and depth of breathing
- the ease in which the lungs can be expanded (compliance)
- airway resistance
Inspiration
active process, stimulated by chemical receptors in the aorta
Expiration
passive process that depends on the elastic recoil properties of the lungs, requiring little
or no muscle work
Surfactant
, a chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the alveoli and keep
them from collapsing.
Patients with advanced _________________ lose the elastic recoil of the lungs
and thorax.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Atelectasis
a collapse of the alveoli that prevents normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Compliance
the ability of lungs to distend or expand in response to increased intra-alveolar pressure
Airway Resistance
the increase in pressure that occurs as the diameter of the airway decreases from
mouth/nose to alveoli
Tidal Volume
the amount of air following a normal inspiration
Residual Volume
amount of air left in the alveoli after a full expiration
Forced Vital Capacity
maximum amount of air that can be removed from the lungs during forced expiration
Pulmonary Circulation
moves blood to and from the alveolar capillary membrane for gas exchange
Deoxygenation
Reduced Hemoglobin
_______________ and ______________ regulators control the process of
respiration.
Neural and Chemical
Cardiopulmonary Physiology involves:
delivery of deoxygenated blood (blood high in CO2 and low in O2) to the right side of
the heart and then to the lungs, where it is oxygenated.
Cardiac Output
amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle each minute
Stroke Volume
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