QUESTION 1: (25)
1.1 List Then Define The Pre-Linguistic And The Adult-Like Language Stages In
Language Development. (4)
1.2 Explain The Concept Of Emergent Literacy And Its Significance In A
Learner’s Language Development And Highlight How Emergent Literacy Lays
The Foundation For Later Reading And Writing Skills. (3)
1.3 Critically Discuss The Importance Of The Grade R Year In The Acquisition Of
Language Skills And Discuss How Teachers And Parents Or Caregivers Play A
Crucial Role In Fostering Language Development During This Period. (4)
1.4 Describe The Typical Milestones And Progressions Observed In Language
Development During This Period. (4)
1.5 Analyse TWO (2) Challenges That May Arise During Language Development
In Learners And Identify Strategies That Can Support And Promote Language
Acquisition In The Classroom Or Home Environment. (4)
1.6 Critically Explain How Teachers And Parents Or Caregivers Can Effectively
Address Language-Related Difficulties In The Following TWO (2) Environments.
– Teachers (At School)
– Parents Or Caregivers (At Home)
QUESTION 1: (25)
1.1 List Then Define The Pre-Linguistic And The Adult-Like Language Stages
In Language Development. (4)
Pre-Linguistic Stages:
, 1. Cooing Stage (0-2 months): Babies produce cooing sounds, which are
primarily vowel-like sounds. These sounds are reflexive and involve simple
vocalizations such as "oo" and "ah".
2. Babbling Stage (4-6 months): Babies begin to produce repetitive
consonant-vowel combinations, such as "bababa" or "dadada". This stage is
crucial as it represents the child's experimentation with sound production.
Adult-Like Language Stages:
1. Holophrastic Stage (12-18 months): Toddlers use single words to express
entire thoughts or sentences. For example, saying "milk" might mean "I want
milk".
2. Telegraphic Stage (18-24 months): Children begin to combine two or more
words to form simple sentences, resembling telegrams. For example, "want
cookie" or "big truck". This stage demonstrates the child’s understanding of
basic syntax and grammar.
1.2 Explain The Concept Of Emergent Literacy And Its Significance In A
Learner’s Language Development And Highlight How Emergent Literacy
Lays The Foundation For Later Reading And Writing Skills. (3)
Emergent Literacy: Emergent literacy refers to the skills, knowledge, and
attitudes that precede formal reading and writing. It encompasses the early
developmental stages where children interact with books, stories, and various
forms of print, leading to a foundational understanding of literacy concepts.
Significance in Language Development:
• Foundation for Reading and Writing: Emergent literacy activities, such as
shared reading, storytelling, and play-based literacy tasks, help children
develop phonemic awareness, vocabulary, and comprehension skills
essential for reading and writing.
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