Summary Everything you need to know about mitosis.
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Course
Ap biology
Institution
Junior / 11th Grade
Book
Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Edition
Mitosis is a process in which cells replicate into two identical cells. There are 4 main stages in mitosis. These stages can get complicated and confusing. In this document, the stages are explained simply and broken down so they can be easily understood. Not only that this document also explains h...
Campbell Biology 11th Edition BY URRY updated 2024/2025 A+ GRADED
Solutions and Test Bank for Campbell Biology 12th Edition
Campbell Biology 11th Edition BY URRY updated 2024/2025 A+ GRADED
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Written for
Junior / 11th grade
Ap biology
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Content preview
Introduction
● Cell division: reproduction of a cell
● Cell cycle: the life of a cell from being formed until its division into two daughter cells.
● Cell cycle overview: PPMAT
● Prophase
● Prometaphase
● Metaphase
● Anaphase
● Telophase
12.1
Chromosomes and DNA
● Genome: Genetic information
● DNA is replicated and packaged in chromosomes.
● Chromosome: Long strands of DNA coiled around many proteins
● Chromatin: uncoiled DNA
● Somatic cells: All body cells; Gametes: reproductive cells.
Distribution of Chromosomes during Eukaryotic cell division
● DNA is in chromatin
● DNA duplicates → packaged into chromoes
● Sister chromatids: Joined copies of the duplicated chromosomes.
● Cohesion: a protein that connects sister chromatids.
● Centromere: a region where the chromatid is attached closely to its sister.
● Mitosis: division of genetic material in the nucleus of somatic cells
● Cytokinesis: division of cytoplasm
12.2
Phases of the cell
● Interphase: 90% of cell cycle
○ G1 Phase (first gap):
○ Cell grows
○ Reproduces protein and cytoplasmic
organelles.
○ S Phase (synthesis):
○ Synthesizes complete copy of DNA
in the nucleus
○ Duplicates Chromosomes
○ G2 phase (second gap):
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