Relative contraindications to GXT (12) - ✔✔1. Left main coronary artery stenosis
2. Moderate stenotic valvular heart disease
3. electrolyte abnormalities
4. severe arterial hypertension (SBP>200 or DBP>100)
5. tachy or brady
6. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
7. neuromotor, muscolosekeltal, or rheumatoid disorder worsened with exercise
8. high degree AV block
9. uncontrolled metabolic disease
10. chronic infectious disease
11. ventricular aneurysm
12. mental or physical impairment
Absolute contraindications to GXT (9) - ✔✔1. recent significant change in resting ECG
2. unstable angina
3. uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmia
4. symptomatic severe aortic stenosis
5. uncontrolled symptomatic heart failure
6. acute pulmonary embolus/infarction
7. acute myocarditis or pericarditis
8. suspected/known dissecting aneurysm
9. acute systemic infection
7 components of an Informed Consent document - ✔✔1. Purpose/explanation of test
2. potential risks/discomforts of test
3. responsibilities of participant (to report any unusual sensations/pain/etc.)
, 4. Benefits that can be expected
5. Inquiries (ask them)
6. use of medical records
7. freedom of consent
9 major signs and symptoms of CV/Pulmonary/metabolic diseases - ✔✔1. anginal pain
2. SOB with mild exertion
3. dizziness/syncope
4. orthopnea (SOB while lying flat) or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
5. ankle edema
6. palpitations or tachycardia
7. intermittent claudication (muscle pain due to inadequate bloodflow)
8. known heart murmur
9. unusual fatigue during ADL's
Claudication definition - ✔✔muscular pain caused by inadequate blood flow to the muscle
Orthopnea definition - ✔✔SOB while lying flat
10 indications to stop a GXT - ✔✔1. onset of anginal pain
2. drop in SBP of 10mmHg (or more) with increased work rate
3. excessive rise in BP (SBP>/=250 or DBP>/= 115)
4. SOB, wheezing, leg cramp, claudication
5. signs of poor perfusion (ataxia, pallor, cyanosis)
6. failure of HR to increase with increased intensity
7. Arrythmias
8. subject asks to stop
9. signs of severe fatigue (physical/verbal)
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