agreement reality those things we "know" as part and parcel of the culture we share with those around us
inaccurate observations (professors tie on first day)
overgeneralization (few events are evidence of general pattern)
Errors in Inquiry selective observation (focusing on events that fit the pattern and ignoring those that
don't)
illogical reasoning (the exception that proves the rule, gamblers' fallacy)
a systematic explanation for the observations that relate to a particular aspect of life;
theory
juvenile delinquency for example, or perhaps social stratification or political revolution
a characteristic of a person or thing
(male or female)
attributes
(plumber, lawyer, teacher)
(white, black, latino, asian)
a logical set of attributes
(gender)
variable
(profession)
(race)
a variable with values that are not problematic in an analysis but are taken as simply
independent variable
given. determined to cause
dependent variable a variable assumed to depend on or be caused by another
exploratory research mapping out a topic that may warrant further study later
descriptive research research designed to provide a snapshot of the current state of affairs (what...?)
explanation research providing reasons for phenomena in terms of causal relationships (why...?)
an approach to explanation in which we seek to exhaust the causes of a particular
idiographic explanation condition or event. Imagine listing all the reasons why you chose to attend your
particular college
an approach to explanation in which we seek to identify a few causal factors that
nomothetic explanation generally impact a class of conditions or events. Imagine the top two or three factors as
to why you chose to attend your college
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