All the NUMBER PATTERNS content needed for MATHS CORE PAPER 1 (Grade 12). Using these notes you will be able to: Identify and solve problems involving number patterns that lead to arithmetic and geometric sequences and series, including infinite geometric series, and you will be able to apply sigma...
Number Patterns
MATHEMATICS GRADE 12
BY NIKITA VERMEULEN
, PATTERNS, SEQUENCES & SERIES
SEQUENCES
ARITHMETIC
A sequence in which the difference between any 2 consecutive terms is common
Constant difference between any 2 consecutive terms d=T n −T n−1
General form: a+ ( a+d ) + ( a+ 2 d ) +¿ … ¿
Graph of the sequence lies on a straight line
Tn=a+( n−1)d
QUADRATIC
Common 2nd difference between any 2 consecutive terms
Graph of the sequence lies on a parabola
Tn=a n2 +bn+c
How to determine the expression
1. Determine the constant 2nd difference
2. Calculate a 2a = 2nd difference
3. Solve for b∧c by substitution in 2 terms & using simultaneous equations
4. Substitute all values into Tn=a n2 +bn+c
GEOMETRIC
Tn
Constant ratio between any 2 consecutive terms r =
Tn−1
2
General form: a+ ar +a r +¿… ¿
Graph of the sequence lies on an exponential curve
Tn=a r n−1
SERIES
The sum of certain numbers of terms in a sequence
The notation used in series is an extension of the notation used in sequences
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