MCB4304 Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2024/2025
What are some "big" questions concerning genomics and the information encoded in the human genome? - ANSWERS- to what extent are we determined by our genes?
- are we defined by our genes or their expression?
- how are physiology and health connect...
What are some "big" questions concerning genomics and the information encoded in the human
genome? - ANSWERS- to what extent are we determined by our genes?
- are we defined by our genes or their expression?
- how are physiology and health connected to our genetic make-up?
- how do genes influence human behavior and thought patterns?
In addition to the "Central Dogma", what are some recent relevant emerging topics? - ANSWERS- are we
genetically programmed for susceptibility to advertisement (propaganda)?
- Why is belief so powerful?
- Are we evolutionarily adaptive?
What is a clear definition of "risk"? - ANSWERS- potential hazard + exposure = risk
- risk is a function of [hazard][exposure]
What are three hallmarks of "science"? - ANSWERS- embraces criticism
- uses rigorous repeatable methods
- changes with new evidence
What are three hallmarks of "pseudoscience"? - ANSWERS- grandiose claims that go beyond the
evidence
- uses vague jargon to confuse and evade
- uses inconsistent and invalid logic
What is an allele? - ANSWERSa different form a gene
, What is a gene variant? - ANSWERSoccurs when one allele is dominant over the other recessive allele
What is an open reading frame (ORF)? - ANSWERSthe sequence region within mRNA that can be
translated into protein
What is recombination? - ANSWERS- the rearrangement of genetic material, especially by crossing over
in chromosomes
- new combinations of alleles not seen in either parent
What is the relationship between genetic linkage and recombination? - ANSWERS- genetic linkage is not
absolute
- the closer genes are to one another increases the likelihood of recombination events
Why would an insertion or deletion in a gene ORF typically be more destructive than a point mutation? -
ANSWERS- the entire sequence is shifted on single insertions or deletions
- insertion/deletion of 3 base pairs does not disrupt the sequence and it can be repaired
What are the three domains of life? - ANSWERS- bacteria
- archaea
- eukarya
What are the four different bases found in DNA? - ANSWERS1. cytosine
2. guanine
3. adenine
4. thymine
What distinguishes RNA from DNA? - ANSWERS- RNA uses uracil instead of thymine
- RNA has self folding capabilities
- RNA made from ribose sugar
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