, Pharmacology Exam 1; Questions & Answers
100% Solved
ED50 Answer-Effective dose in 50% of the population
EC50 Answer-Concentration of the drug that produces 50% of maximal effect in one
person
TD50 Answer-toxic dose in 50% of the population
LD50 Answer-lethal dose for 50% of the population
TI (therapeutic index) Answer-the ratio of the amount of drug to produce a therapeutic
dose compared with the amount of drug that produces a lethal dose; the farther apart the ED
and the TD the safer the drug
The graph above shows the dose-response curves for the therapeutic and toxic effects of a new
drug (Drug B) in a group of individuals compared to a standard of care drug that is currently
being prescribed to patients (Drug A). Both drugs are tested in the same group of individuals.
For Drug B, the therapeutic index is _______ than that of Drug A, meaning that adverse effects
produced by the drug will occur at ______ doses compared to Drug A. Answer-smaller;
smaller
Ideally drugs will be both effective and safe. Penicillin, for example, is an antibiotic used to treat
infections caused by susceptible bacteria, and is virtually nontoxic even in large doses (except
for people who are allergic to it). This means that penicillin has a very ____________ value.
, Pharmacology Exam 1; Questions & Answers
100% Solved
A) high TD50
B) high ED50
C) Low TD50
D) Low ED50 Answer-A
biotransformation Answer-chemical changes that take place in the drug following
administration
Metabolism Answer-the chemical transformation of a drug to a metabolite
Excretion Answer-the removal of a drug and its metabolites from the body
Absorption Answer-movement of the drug into the bloodstream after administration
Bioavailability Answer-the rate at and the extent to which a nutrient is absorbed and
used
-if there are more barriers for the drug to cross, the bioavailability will be lower
Distribution Answer-delivering a drug from the bloodstream to the tissues of the body
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