How much of the Earth is covered in Water? correct answers 70%
Where is most of the water located on Earth? correct answers Oceans
What is the largest body of water on Earth? correct answers Oceans, interconnected to each other
What are seas surrounded by? correct answers Smaller bodies of...
When it rains, does salinity increase or decrease? correct answers salinity decreases due to
dilution
When there is a lot of evaporation (like in hot conditions, or in shallow water) does salinity
increase or decrease? correct answers Salinity increases because the salt is more concentrated
What processes affect the gas exchange in the water? correct answers Interaction with the
atmosphere through evaporation, as well as photosynthesis and respiration of marine plants and
animals (giving off/breathing in CO2 and Oxygen and nitrogen),
How long can the ocean store carbon? correct answers Thousands of years
What does it mean when we say the ocean is a carbon sink? correct answers It is a natural or
artificial reservoir that accumulates and stores some carbon-containing chemical compound for
an indefinite period
What affects the temperatures in the ocean? correct answers Depth (shallow or deep water) and
location (near the equator or poles)
What part of the ocean is most affected by solar energy (the sun)? correct answers The surface
where the sun shines directly on the water
What temp are polar waters? correct answers -1.9 deg Celsius
What is pack ice also known as? correct answers Insulation. The sea ice layer restricts wind and
wave action near coastlines, lessening coastal erosion and protecting ice shelves. Sea ice also
, creates an insulating cap across the ocean surface, which reduces evaporation and heat loss to the
atmosphere.
How does sea ice protect coastlines? correct answers Protects against erosion
How does sea ice protect the ocean? correct answers reduces evaporation of sea water and heat
loss
What is the temperature difference in a thermocline? correct answers Warmer water is at surface,
cooler water is deeper
In a thermocline, does temperature drop or rise the deeper you go? correct answers As you get
deeper, the temperature drops significantly (gets colder)
In a thermocline, where is the water most dense? correct answers Most dense in colder layers of
water
In a thermocline where is water most saline? correct answers Most saline in the denser, deeper,
colder layers of water
Does colder, denser, saltier water sink or rise to the surface? correct answers Colder, denser,
saltier water sinks
What water rises to the surface? correct answers Warmer, less dense, less saline water rises
What process carries colder, denser, saltier water to the surface? correct answers Upwelling, the
wind pushes surface water away from the coast and deeper water moves into the shoreline
What process drives warmer, less denser, less salty water down? correct answers Downwelling,
the wind pushes surface water toward the shoreline and that surface water cycles down into the
the deeper zones (opposite direction of upwelling cycle)
What is a thermoHaline current? correct answers ocean currents that flow thousands of meters
below the surface; driven by differences in the water's density, which is controlled by
temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline).
When sea ice forms, what is left in the sea water that was not frozen? correct answers Salt. So
cold polar water is saltier because of the glaciers.
When glaciers melt, what happens to the ocean/seawaters? correct answers The ocean/seawater
becomes less salty due to the melting water from the glaciers. Imagine a melting ice cube in a
glass of lemonade....the lemonade gets watered down from the melting ice
What is the basic process of the thermohaline cycle? correct answers Polar ice forms, leaving the
seawater even saltier. That salty cold water sinks. More surface water moves in to replace the
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller FullyFocus. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for R212,80. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
