Lewin's Change Model - ANSWERSunfreezing, changing, refreezing
Kotter's 8 steps - ANSWERS1. Establish a sense of urgency
2. Create the guiding coalition
3. Develop a vision and strategy
4. Communicate the change vision
5. Empower the broad-based action
6. Generate short-term wins
7. Consolidate gains and produce more change
8. Anchor new approaches in the culture
Action Research Model - ANSWERSdouble-loop learning as opposed to single-loop
Positive Model - ANSWERSFocus on what organization is doing well, double loop learning
Single-Loop Learning - ANSWERStake action, review, take another approach if you don't meet your goal
Double-Loop Learning - ANSWERStake action, revise action, or revise goal. (is the goal the right goal)?
,Planning Change Management Process - ANSWERSCritical Path or PERT charts
Tracking Change Management - ANSWERSGANTT chart, combine tasks with end dates and who is
responsible
Prediction - ANSWERSA single numerical estimate of HR requirements associated with a specific time
horizon and a set of assumptions.
Projection - ANSWERSSeveral HR estimates based on a variety of assumptions
Envelope - ANSWERSOne can easily visualize the corners of an envelope containing the upper and lower
bounds of the various HR projections in the future
Scenario - ANSWERSProposed sequence of events with its own set of assumptions
Contingency Planning - ANSWERSPlans to be implemented when unanticipated changes to organization
or environmental factors which may negate the usefulness of existing HR projections.
HR forecasting - ANSWERSAscertaining the net requirement for personnel by determining the demand
for and supply of Human Resources now and in the future
Transaction-based forecasting - ANSWERSForecasting that focuses on tracking internal change instituted
by the organization's managers.
Event-based forecasting - ANSWERSForecasting concerned with changes in the external environment
Process-based forecasting - ANSWERSForecasting not focused on a specific internal organizational event
but on the flow or sequencing of several work activities
Markov Analysis - ANSWERSA method for tracking the pattern of employee movements through various
jobs **Based on historical patterns**
Linear Programming - ANSWERSBest supply mix to minimize the cost or other constraints, such as
desired staffing ratio
Management Inventory - ANSWERSIndividualized record for management/professional/technical
personnel.
Replacement and Succession Management - ANSWERSFinding employees for management positions.
Pools of skilled employees are trained and available to meet the organizations strategy.
Movement Analysis - ANSWERSTotal number of open positions in org. or dept. as well as the number of
personnel movements cased by replacing and filling positions
Vacancy Model - ANSWERSanalyses flow of personnel by examining inputs and outputs at each
hierarchical or comp-level.
HR Forecasting Process (4 stages) - ANSWERS1. Determining Demand
Types of Performance Management Methods - ANSWERSTrait Method, Behavioural, Results
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