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MLSC 4341 Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2024/2025

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MLSC 4341 Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2024/2025 What is respiration? - ANSWERS-Process organisms use to make energy (ATP) -Convert energy found in O2 or inorganic molecules to make ATP What are aerobic organisms (O2)? - ANSWERS-Use O2 during respiration -Grow in ambient (room) air What...

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  • August 27, 2024
  • 26
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • mlsc 4341 exam 1 questions answers

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MLSC 4341 Exam 1 Questions &
Answers 2024/2025

What is respiration? - ANSWERS-Process organisms use to make energy (ATP)

-Convert energy found in O2 or inorganic molecules to make ATP



What are aerobic organisms (O2)? - ANSWERS-Use O2 during respiration

-Grow in ambient (room) air



What are anaerobic organisms? - ANSWERS-Use inorganic molecule (often N2) during respiration

-Intolerant of O2



What is an obligate aerobe? - ANSWERS-Must use O2

-No oxygen means not living



What is a facultative anaerobe? - ANSWERS-Capable of adaptive behavior

-Can grow in the presence or absence of O2



What is a microaerophile? - ANSWERS-Grow best at decreased O2 and increased CO2

-Need some oxygen but not nearly as much

-Need increase in amount of CO2



What is a capnophilic organism? - ANSWERS-Require increased (5-10%) CO2

-Does not grow in oxygen or ambient (room) air



What is an aerotolerant anaerobe? - ANSWERS-Scant growth in room air or increased CO2 (not a lot of
growth in either of these conditions)

-Grows best in an anaerobic jar

,What is an obligate anaerobe? - ANSWERS-Cannot tolerate ANY oxygen

-Grows best in an anaerobic jar



What is an anaerobic chamber/glove box? - ANSWERS-A chamber with an incubator that is attached to
N2 and mixed gas tanks

-Plates are exchanged in a chamber that gets flushed with N2 and mixed gases

-Achieve conditions within minutes and can work directly inside

-Not used as much anymore



What is the Gas-Pak anaerobic jar? - ANSWERS-Envelope system that removes O2 by the production of
H2 and CO2

-Requires up to 2 hours to achieve anaerobic conditions and must work on the cultures in a normal
atmosphere

-More common than a chamber



What are the two indicators that can be used in the Gas-Pak anaerobic jar? - ANSWERS-Methylene blue

-Resazurin



What is the color system of the methylene blue indicator in the Gas-Pak anaerobic jar? - ANSWERS-
White is anaerobic

-Blue is aerobic



What is the color system of the resazurin indicator in the Gas-Pak anaerobic jar? - ANSWERS-Pink is
aerobic

-Clear is anaerobic



What is the Anaerobic-Pack/Waterless gas-generating system? - ANSWERS-Single use disposable packets
that do not use catalysts or water

-Once packet is removed from foil pouch, it must be placed in jar within 1 minute

-O2 is quickly absorbed with the formation of CO2

, What is the Anoxomat system? - ANSWERS-Uses 3 cycles to flush jar

-Can make anaerobic conditions in 1-3 minutes and microaerophilic in 20 seconds

-Rechargable catalyst

-Makes a gas mixture of 10% CO2, 5% H2, and 85% N2



What are the three ways to achieve capnophilic conditions? - ANSWERS-CO2 incubator (5-10%)

-CO2 packs (5%)

-Candle jar (3%)



How do microbes reproduce? - ANSWERS-Binary fission



How does binary fission take place? - ANSWERS-Cell elongates

-DNA is replicated

-Cell wall and membrane grow inward

-In-growing cell walls meet

-Formation of 2 identical daughter cells



What are the mechanisms of transferring DNA from one organism to another? - ANSWERS-
Transformation

-Conjugation

-Transduction



What is transformation? - ANSWERS-Free DNA fragments from dead organisms enter a related species
across the cell wall

-DNA fragments are exchanged for a piece of the recipient's DNA



What is transduction? - ANSWERS-DNA is transferred from one cell to another by a bacteriophage
(bacterial virus)

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