©THEBRIGHT EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/21/2024 1:28 PM
AP Biology Unit 1 Exam Questions
With Correct Answers
Carbohydrate Examples - answer✔✔glucose, fructose, sucrose, starch, glycogen, cellulose,
monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
Disaccharide - answer✔✔A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by
dehydration synthesis.
Monosaccharide - answer✔✔A single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest
type of sugar.
Polysaccharide - answer✔✔Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides
Glycosidic Linkage - answer✔✔A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a
dehydration reaction.
Starch - answer✔✔A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.
Cellulose - answer✔✔A substance (made of sugars) that is common in the cell walls of many
organisms
Lipid Examples - answer✔✔fatty acids, fats, saturated fats, unsaturated fats, steroids,
phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides
Unsaturated Fat - answer✔✔A lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond
between carbon atoms.
Saturated Fat - answer✔✔A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between
carbon atoms
Steroid - answer✔✔lipid molecule with four fused carbon rings
Phospholipid - answer✔✔a lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in
cell membranes
Nucleotide - answer✔✔monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate
group, and a nitrogenous base
, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/21/2024 1:28 PM
Nucleic Acid Examples - answer✔✔DNA, RNA, (ATP and ADP are modified nucleic acids)
Protein Examples - answer✔✔amino acids, primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary structures,
collagen, hemoglobin, enzymes
Triglyceride - answer✔✔a lipid made of three fatty acid molecules and one glycerol molecule
Amino Acid Examples - answer✔✔glutamine, proline, cysteine, lycine, ...
Primary Structure of a Protein - answer✔✔sequence of amino acids
Secondary Structure of a Protein - answer✔✔protein structure is formed by folding and twisting
of amino acid chain
Tertiary Structure of a Protein - answer✔✔protein structure is formed when the twists and folds
of the secondary structure fold again to from a larger 3D structure
Quaternary Structure of a Protein - answer✔✔protein structure is a protein consisting of more
than one folded amino acid chain
Disulfide Bridge - answer✔✔The covalent bond between two sulfur atoms (-S—S-) linking two
molecules or remote parts of the same molecule.
Hydrogen Bonds - answer✔✔Very weak bonds; occurs when a hydrogen atom in one molecule
is attracted to the electrostatic atom in another molecule
nucleic acid - answer✔✔kind of macromolecule that stores, transfers, and expresses genetic
information
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Nitrogen (CHOPN) - answer✔✔elements that make up
a nucleic acid
nucleotide - answer✔✔monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate
group, and a nitrogenous base
double helix - answer✔✔term used to describe the arrangement of a DNA strand
RNA - answer✔✔ribonucleic acid; a polymer of nucleotides that transfers genetic information
how RNA differs from DNA - answer✔✔the sugar in RNA is ribose; Uracil bonds with
Adenine; RNA is single-stranded
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen (CHON) - answer✔✔elements that make up a protein
amino acid - answer✔✔building block (monomer) of proteins, composed of an amino group and
a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and an R-group
