Biology 1320 Exam 3 Bergh Study Guide with Complete Solutions
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Course
Biology 1320
Institution
Texas State University-San Marcos
Biology 1320 Exam 3 Bergh Study Guide
with Complete Solutions
DNA - Answer️️ --deoxyribonucleic acid
-stores the information that the cell needs to produce proteins
transciption - Answer️️ -the gene's sequence is copied from DNA to a
middleman molecule called mRNA
translation - Answer...
Biology 1320 :Texas State University
Biology 1320 Exam 3 Bergh Study Guide
with Complete Solutions
DNA - Answer✔️✔️--deoxyribonucleic acid
-stores the information that the cell needs to produce proteins
transciption - Answer✔️✔️-the gene's sequence is copied from DNA to a
middleman molecule called mRNA
translation - Answer✔️✔️-the gene's sequence is now encoded in mRNA,
which directs the production of a protein
Griffith's Experiment - Answer✔️✔️-in the 1920's, Frederick Griffith worked
with two strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. It was discovered
that DNA was transmitted between the toxic and the harmless bacteria.
Bacterial Transformation - Answer✔️✔️-DNA fragments are transported into
the bacterium --> A DNA fragment is incorporated into the chromosome
DNA Structure is a.... - Answer✔️✔️-Double helix
DNA Backbone - Answer✔️✔️-Hydrogen bonds connect complementary
DNA strands; Opposite ends of the strand are designated 5' and 3'. Strands
oriented in different directions
Biology 1320 :Texas State University
Nucleotides - Answer✔️✔️-the phosphate and sugar form the backbone of
the DNA molecule, whereas the bases form the "rungs". There are four
types of nitrogenous bases.
Nucleotide binding in DNA - Answer✔️✔️-Adenine (A) binds to Thymine
(T)
Guanine (G) binds to Cytosine (C)
DNA Sructure - Answer✔️✔️-because of this complementary base pairing,
the order of the bases in one strand determines the order of the bases in the
other strand
Protein Production starts with... - Answer✔️✔️-DNA
A _____ is a sequence of DNA that encodes a specific protein - Answer✔️✔️-
gene
Protein production occurs in 2 stages: - Answer✔️✔️-transcription and
translation
RNA structure is... - Answer✔️✔️-single stranded
DNA function - Answer✔️✔️-stores RNA- and protein- encoding
information; transfers information to next generation of cells
RNA function - Answer✔️✔️-carries protein-encoding information; helps to
make proteins; catalyzes some reactions
Initiation of Transcription - Answer✔️✔️-RNA polymerase binds to the
promoter, which is the beginning of the gene
Elongation in Transcription - Answer✔️✔️-RNA polymerase moves along
the template strand, making an RNA copy. Notice that the RNA molecule
is complementary to the DNA template strand.
Termination of Transciption - Answer✔️✔️-RNA, DNA, and RNA
polymerase separate. DNA becomes a double helix again
3
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