Mitosis Exam Questions with All Correct Answers
What happens in prophase? - Answer-In prophase, the chromosomes condense, getting shorter and fatter. The centrioles start moving towards the opposite ends of the cell and the nuclear membrane breaks down
What happens in metaphase? - Answer-The c...
What happens in prophase? - Answer-In prophase, the chromosomes condense,
getting shorter and fatter. The centrioles start moving towards the opposite ends of the
cell and the nuclear membrane breaks down
What happens in metaphase? - Answer-The chromosomes line up at the middle of the
cell and attach to the spindle fibres by their centromere.
What happens in anaphase? - Answer-The spindle fibres pull at the centromere and the
centromere splits. The spindles contract and the sister chromatids separate and move
to opposite ends of the pole. This makes the chromatid v-shaped
What happens in telophase? - Answer-The chromosomes reach the opposite ends on
the spindle. The chromosomes uncoil and become long and thin again. The nuclear
envelope reforms around the chromosomes forming 2 genetically identical nuclei.
What is mitosis and the cell cycle controlled by? - Answer-Mitosis and the cell cycle are
controlled by genes
What are the main benefits of mitosis? - Answer-Growth and repair of damaged tissues
Describe the stages in mitosis - Answer-In prophase, DNA coils to form chromosomes,
nucleus breaksdown and spindle fibres form. In metaphase chromosomes line up at the
equator of the cell and attach to spindle fibre via centromere. In anaphase the spindle
fibres pull, centromere splits, and sister chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell.
In telophase: chromatids uncoil, nucleus reforms. In cytokinesis, the cytoplasm splits
and the cells are separated from each other.
In mitosis, what happens to the DNA mass and the chromosome number? - Answer-In
mitosis the DNA mass halves and the chromosomes number stays the same.
What is cancer? - Answer-Cancer is the formation of a tumour due to uncontrolled cell
division, that is uncontrolled mitosis. The tumour invades surrounding tissue.
How does uncontrolled cell division occur? - Answer-Uncontrolled cell division is due to
a mutation of DNA. Mutations can occur randomly or due to mutagens. Cancer cells are
rapidly dividing cells. They spend less time in interphase and more time in mitosis.
What types of treatments are available for cancer patients. - Answer-Surgical,
chemotherapy, radiotherapy
, How do bacteria divide - Answer-Bacteria divide by binary fission. They copy their DNA
and then separate into 2 new genetically identical bacteria.
The events that take place during interphase in mitosis leads to the production of two
genetically identical cells. EXPLAIN how. - Answer-DNA replication takes place during
interphase which involves specific complementary base pairing taking place. Sister
chromatids move to opposite poles.
Mikanolide is a drug that inhibits the enzyme DNA polymerase. Explain why this drug
may be effective against some types of cancer. - Answer-Prevents DNA replication.
Prevents mitosis. Nucleotides of new strand not joined together.
Describe the role of the centromere in mitosis. - Answer-Holds chromatids together.
Attaches chromatids to spindle.
Allows chromatids to move to opposite poles.
Cells lining the human intestine complete the cell cycle in a short time. Explain the
advantage of these cells completing the cell cycle in a short time. - Answer-Replace
cells rapidly.
Homologous chromosomes carry the same genes but they are not genetically identical.
Explain why. - Answer-Homologous chromosomes carry different alleles
Other than independent segregation, give 2 ways in which meiosis allows the
production of genetically different cells. - Answer-Crossing over where alleles are
exchanged between chromosomes.
Genetic recombination
A doctor investigated the number of cells in different stages of the cell cycle in two
tissue samples, C and D. One tissue sample was taken from a cancerous tumour. The
other was taken from a non cancerous tissue. Explain how the doctor could have
recognised which cells were in interphase when looking at the tissue samples. -
Answer-No visible chromosomes but the nucleus would be visible.
A doctor investigated the number of cells in different stages of the cell cycle in two
tissue samples, C and D. One tissue sample was taken from a cancerous tumour. The
other was taken from non-cancerous tissue. Which tissue sample, C or D, was taken
from a cancerous tumour?
Use information in the table to explain your answer. - Answer-D because there are a
lower percentage of cells in interphase and a higher percentage of cells in mitosis. This
means more cells are dividing.
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