Casts correct answersDefinition: Cylinder-like structures with parallel
sides, formed from gelled muco/glyco protein
(Tamm -Horsfall protein).
•Cast formation
1. normal nephron
2. epithelial cell cast formation
3. WBC cast formation
4. RBC cast formation
Urinary Cast: Formation correct answersFormed in lumen of the kidney distal
convoluted tubules and Loop of Henle.
•Molded in the shape of the tubules
•Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein comprises the
matrix
•May contain cells that are present in the
tubules at the time of cast formation
-urinary stasis
•Acid pH
•high solute concentration
•abnormal ionic or protein constituents
•May be indicated by the presence of urinary
protein.
•However, casts can be present in the absence
of protein.
•Microscopic examination is important.
, Urinary Cast: Identification of Casts correct answersCasts:
•have parallel sides with rounded or blunted
ends
•vary in size and shape according to the
tubules in which they were formed
•convoluted, straight, or curved
•are cylindrical in shape with no dark edges
Significance of Casts correct answers•Cast are always renal in origin
•Casts often indicate pathologies:
•glomerular damage
•tubular damage
•renal inflammation
•renal infection
•Cast Size
•indicates the diameter of the tubule in which it was
formed
•Broad casts & Narrow
•formed in pathologically dilated or atrophied
tubules or in collecting tubules
•indicate renal trauma / failure
Urinary Casts: Detection correct answers•Low power and low light to find;
•high power to identify
•must use low level of light or will look right
through them
•Cylindrical body with parallel sides and
rounded ends.
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