MANA 3318 EXAM 3 Questions and Answers
Topic 12: Leadership
1. What is leadership?
The True Measure of Leadership is Influence- Nothing More, Nothing Less
The process of guiding and directing the behavior of people in the work environment.
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MANA 3318 EXAM 3 Questions and
Answers
Topic 12: Leadership - answer
1. What is leadership? - answer The True Measure of Leadership is Influence-
Nothing More, Nothing Less
The process of guiding and directing the behavior of people in the work environment.
2. What is the behavior approach to leadership effectiveness? What are the two major
categories of
leadership behaviors? - answer Initiating Structure
(task-oriented behaviors)
*Initiating structure* is leader behavior aimed at defining and organizing work
relationships and roles, as well as establishing clear patterns of organization,
communication, and ways of getting things done
Consideration
(relationship-oriented behaviors)
*Consideration* is leader behavior aimed at nurturing friendly, warm working
relationships, as well as encouraging mutual trust and interpersonal respect within the
work unit.
3. What is the common limitation of the trait AND behavior approaches to leadership? -
answer
4. What is the contingency approach to leadership? - answer It emphasizes the
importance of contextual factors such as the leader's authority and discretion, the nature
of the work performed by the leader's unit, the attributes of subordinates and the nature
of the external environment.
Shows why a particular leader may be effective in one situation but not in another.
1) Fiedler's LPC contingency theory of leadership: What is this theory about and how to
use it to predict
leadership effectiveness? Understand the leadership styles, situational characteristics
discussed in this
theory as well as the contingency model. Be prepared to apply this knowledge to
analyze real cases
and situations. - answer Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership proposes that the
fit between the leader's need structure and the favorableness of the leader's situation
determines the team's effectiveness in work accomplishment.
, *Task-oriented leaders *are primarily gratified by accomplishing tasks and getting work
done.
*Relationship-oriented leaders* are primarily gratified by developing good, comfortable
interpersonal relationships.
Accordingly, the effectiveness of both types of leaders depends on the favorableness of
their situation. The theory classifies the favorableness of the leader's situation according
to the leader's position power, the structure of the team's task, and the quality of the
leader-follower relationships.
2) Path-goal theory of leadership: What is this theory about? What are the four types of
leader behaviors
discussed in this theory and what does each of them mean? Which leader behavior(s) is
most effective
under what situations? - answer From the perspective of path-goal theory, the basic
role of the leader is to clear the follower's path to the goal. The leader uses the most
appropriate of four leader behavior styles to help followers clarify the paths that lead
them to work and personal goals.
The *directive style* is used when the leader must give specific guidance about work
tasks, schedule work, and let followers know what is expected.
The *supportive style* is used when the leader needs to express concern for followers'
well-being and social status.
The *participative style* is used when the leader must engage in joint decision-making
activities with followers.
The *achievement-oriented style* is used when the leader must set challenging goals
for followers and show strong confidence in those followers.
5. Contemporary leadership approaches: - answer
1) What is transformational leadership? (text p. 197) - answer use rewards and
punishment to strike deals w/ followers and shape their behavior
is focused on individuals increases task performance and initiative
2) What do transformational leaders do to influence their followers? - answer inspire
and excite followers to high levels of performance
encourage followers to set goals congruent with the followers see their work as
important and their goals as aligned with who they are.
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