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NSG 170- Gas Exchange Review Questions and Correct Answers R183,14   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

NSG 170- Gas Exchange Review Questions and Correct Answers

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  • Course
  • NSG 170
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  • NSG 170

Erythrocytes 99% of blood cells Flexible cell wall able to alter shape to pass through small capillaries Biconcave shape and thin cell wall facilitate the diffusion of gases Primarily composed of hemoglobin, a complex protein-iron compound, that binds with oxygen and carbon dioxide Anemia-LABOR...

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  • September 13, 2024
  • 14
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NSG 170
  • NSG 170
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NSG 170- Gas Exchange Review
Questions and Correct Answers
Erythrocytes ✅99% of blood cells

Flexible cell wall able to alter shape to pass through small capillaries

Biconcave shape and thin cell wall facilitate the diffusion of gases

Primarily composed of hemoglobin, a complex protein-iron compound, that binds with
oxygen and carbon dioxide

Anemia-LABORATORY TESTS ✅CBC - Complete Blood Count
-RBC indices, WBC differentials
-General survey of bone marrow function and blood levels

Anemia- RBCs ✅RBC Count

Size - MCV (mean corpuscular volume)

Weight - MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin)

Hemoglobin concentration - MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration)

Size differences - RDW (RBC distribution width)

MCV - Size of RBC ✅Microcytic - small
Normocytic - normal
Macrocytic - large

MCV and Anemia ✅Increased MCV (Macrocytic)
- Vitamin B12 or Folate deficiency anemia

Decreased MCV (Microcytic)
- Iron deficiency anemia

81-96µm3 (normal)

Reticulocyte Count ✅Measures bone marrow production of erythrocytes

Indicates bone marrow response to anemia

Normal adult level: 0.5% - 1.5% (enough to replace dying cells)

, Increased levels indicate normal response to anemia

No increase in the presence of anemia would indicate dysfunction of the bone marrow

Hematopoietic changes with the aged population ✅Bone marrow has more difficulty
producing blood cells

Also more affected by myelosuppressive effects of meds

Anemia is most common problem seen

Anemia-Causes ✅Decreased RBC production
-Iron
-Vitamin B12
-Folic Acid
Decreased erythropoietin
Decreased iron availability

Blood Loss
-Chronic hemorrhage
-Bleeding duodenal ulcer
-Colon cancer

Increased RBC production
-sickle cell disease
-Medication (methyldopa <Aldomet>)
-Incompatible blood
-Trauma

Hypoproliferative ✅RBCs survive normally, but decreased reticulocytes noted:
Iron deficiency
B12 deficiency
Folate deficiency
Low erythropoietin production (renal)
Cancer
Inflammation

Hemolytic ✅Altered erythropoiesis (RBC formation) and RBCs ultimately destroyed
-Sickle cell, for example

Increased hgb into plasma, leading to increased bilirubin (converted)

Increased reticulocyte in response

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