This product contains all the work for Social Sciences (Geography & History) Grade 8, term 3 – based on the “Via Africa” textbook in English.
Geography – Settlement
Unit 1: Settlement and land use
Unit 2: Land use on aerial photographs & large-scale maps
Unit 3: Urbanisation
...
,
, Residential areas
What are settlements?
• High-income residential areas:
- Low density, large houses, gardens and green • An area of land where a community is established.
landscaping. • Temporary settlements are built for people waiting for
- Easy access to essential transport routes. permanent houses.
- Also found on urban-rural fringes. • Nomadic settlements are temporary places for people
- Characterised by a mix of land uses, good seeking grazing or fish.
schools, luxurious shopping centres, and • Permanent settlements are built with strong bricks and
excellent recreation and healthcare facilities. can’t be moved around.
• Middle-income residential areas: U1: Settlement
- Medium-sized plots, blocks of flats, town Urban settlements
houses and duplexes.
and land use (A)
- Located near city centre or well-developed • Africa is the world's fastest urbanising region.
transport routes. • Characterised by industrial, transportation,
- Lower land values. cultural and administrative-political functions.
- Good infrastructure and well serviced. •
Industrial areas
- Medium population density.
• Light industries: Land use within urban settlements
• Low-income residential areas:
- Manufacturing of clothes, shoes, furniture,
- High densities, cheap housing, poor • CBD:
consumer electronics and home
infrastructure and low living standards. - High land value.
appliances.
- Disliked due to traffic, noise and pollution. - High-density, tall buildings.
- Located near CBD to be close to the market
- Townships and informal settlements. - Main shopping centre - variety of
and transport.
shops and departmental stores.
• Heavy industries: - Main commercial centre - offices,
- Energy-intensive, noisy and cause financial institutions and government
Shopping centres, services and recreation offices.
pollution.
- Construction, chemical plants, petroleum - Cultural and entertainment centres -
• Shopping centres are characterised by their
refineries and iron/steel manufacturing theatres, cinemas, clubs and bars.
massive size and range of shops.
plants. - Limited open spaces and houses due
• Services = schools, clinics and post offices.
- Located far from high-income residential to high land value.
• Recreation = cinemas and parks.
areas. - Some parks are found in well-planned
• Located close to or within residential areas. cities.
- Close to transport facilities.
• -
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•
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