QUESTION 1 Energy Basics [18 marks] 1.1 Define and explain the different forms of
energy, providing real-world examples for each. (Focus on the following forms of
energy; Kinetic energy; potential energy; thermal energy; chemical energy; electrical
energy, light energy, and sound energy). (14...
, 1.1 Define and explain the different forms of energy, providing real-world
examples for each.
Energy exists in various forms, and it can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can be
transferred or transformed from one form to another. Below are the primary forms of
energy, explained with real-world examples for clarity.
1. Kinetic Energy
Kinetic energy is the energy that an object possesses due to its motion. The amount of
kinetic energy an object has depends on its mass and velocity. The formula used to
calculate kinetic energy is:
KE = ½ mv2
Where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity. The faster an object moves and
the more massive it is, the greater its kinetic energy.
Real-world examples:
• A moving car on the highway.
• A runner sprinting in a race.
• A flowing river, where the water's movement carries kinetic energy.
These objects or systems are in motion, and the energy is evident in their ability to do
work, such as moving other objects or causing changes in their environment.
2. Potential Energy
Potential energy is stored energy that depends on an object's position or configuration. It
represents the potential for doing work. There are different types of potential energy,
including gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy, and chemical potential
energy.
Real-world examples:
• Gravitational potential energy: A book placed on a high shelf has stored energy
due to its height above the ground. If the book falls, the stored potential energy is
converted into kinetic energy.
• Elastic potential energy: A stretched rubber band or compressed spring holds
energy, which is released when the rubber band is let go or the spring is allowed to
expand.
• Chemical potential energy: A charged battery stores energy that can be used to
power electronic devices when released as electrical energy.
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