IGCSE Cambridge Biology 0610 OL Chapter 4 Biological Molecules + RELATED PAPER 6 notes
9 views 0 purchase
Course
IGCSE Biology
Institution
Book
Cambridge IGCSE™ Biology 4th Edition
Class notes for IGCSE Biology OL (0610) CIE board, new () syllabus. Chapter four: Biological molecules, plus related PAPER 6 tips, tricks, and explanation. Written by a former IGCSE student who achieved a high 9 (195/200) in biology OL and A* in biology A level. The notes cover important details, g...
IGCSE Cambridge Biology OL (0610) Chapter 3 Movement in & out of cells notes + PAPER 6 TIPS AND EXPLANATION
IGCSE Cambridge Biology OL (0610) Chapter 2 Cell structure and organisation notes
IGCSE Cambridge Biology OL Characteristics and Classification of living organisms
All for this textbook (7)
Written for
Secondary school
IGCSE Biology
1
All documents for this subject (12)
Seller
Follow
laraelghoul2007
Reviews received
Content preview
Biological Molecules
Biological molecules video
Organic molecules :- any molecules that contain carbon and hydrogen bonds.
The four Biomolecules :- >> Lipids >> Carbohydrates
>> Proteins >> Nucleic acids
► Examples of Anabolic Reactions
*All cells need water, oxygen,
1) Protein synthesis mineral ions, and food
2) Polymerisation : the process of producing a polymer, which is a molecule made of small substances
repetitive units called monomers. *All cells are made of water,
3) Condensation reaction : which involves joining monomers by removal of water. mineral ions, vitamins, carbs,
fat, and protein.
► Examples of Catabolic Reactions
1) Hydrolysis : breaking down large molecules into smaller subunits by adding water.
Features
> Large molecule
> Insoluble in water
> Used for 1. synthesis of cell membrane
2. act as an insulator to prevent heat loss
3. formation of myelin sheath
4. source of energy
5. synthesis of SOME hormones ( ex:- oestrogen and testosterone )
Testing [Emulsion]
Step #1 Crush and grind (if needed)
Step #2 Add ethanol then add drops of the solution to cold water
Step #3 If fat present ---> white emulsion/milky/cloudy
If fat not present ---> solution stays clear Emulsion test
○ Proteins [Polypeptides]
Formation
>> Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and SOMETIMES sulfur.
>> It's monomer is amino acids.
Features
>> The type of protein is determined by the sequence and type of amino acids.
>> They have specific shapes to carry out certain functions.
>> Examples:- haemoglobin, insulin, antibodies, carrier proteins, mucus,
neurotransmitters, enzymes such as lipase/ amylase/ protease, some hormones such as
adrenaline and ADH, keratin, muscle fibres, growth in cell division.
>> Soluble in water.
Testing [Biuret test]
Step #1 Crush and grind (if needed)
Step #2 Add to cold water to make solution
Step #3 Add Biuret reagent if present --> change from blue to purple
If not present --> colour stays blue Biuret test
Step #4 Make control experiment
○ Carbohydrates
Formation
New Section 1 Page 1
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller laraelghoul2007. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for R162,87. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
