Penn Foster Vet Tech Biology, Plant Structure and Function Exam Solution Manual Already Passed
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Penn Foster Vet Tech Biology-Plant Structure
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Penn Foster Vet Tech Biology-Plant Structure
Penn Foster Vet Tech Biology, Plant Structure and Function Exam Solution Manual Already Passed
Meristem cells/tissues - Answers First cells when a plant embryo begins to develop; cells organize themselves into tissues
Apical meristems - Answers Tissues located at the ends of a plant; have 3 type...
Penn Foster Vet Tech Biology, Plant Structure and Function Exam Solution Manual Already Passed
Meristem cells/tissues - Answers First cells when a plant embryo begins to develop; cells organize
themselves into tissues
Apical meristems - Answers Tissues located at the ends of a plant; have 3 types of specialized tissues:
epidermal, ground, vascular
Epidermal, ground, vascular - Answers 3 types of apical meristems
Epidermal tissue - Answers forms the outer protective covering of a plant; cells exposed to air are
covered by a waxy cuticle, restricting water loss and resists attacks from microorganisms.
Ground tissues - Answers Fills the interior of a plant and helps carry out the functions of a particular
organ; includes 3 types of simple tissues: parenchyma cells, collenchyma cells, sclerenchyma cells
Parenchyma cells - Answers Type of simple ground tissue; has thin walls, are active in photosynthesis
and storage.
collenchyma cells - Answers Type of simple ground tissue; provides support for primary tissues, has
irregularly shaped corners and thicker cell walls.
sclerenchyma cells - Answers Type of simple ground tissue; fibrous cells that give stalks their gravity-
resisting strength.
Vascular tissue - Answers Tissue that extends from the root through the stem to the leaves, and vice
versa; 2 types of vascular tissues: xylem and phloem.
Xylem and Phloem - Answers 2 types of vascular tissue in vascular plants
Xylem - Answers Type of vascular tissue in plants; transports water and minerals from roots to leaves;
contains two types of conducting cells: vessel elements and tracheids.
vessel elements and tracheids - Answers Two types of conducting cells in Xylem; dead at maturity, cell
walls interconnect to form pipelines for water flow.
Phloem - Answers Type of vascular tissue in plants; transports sugar, in the form of sucrose, and other
organic compounds such as hormones, often from leaves to roots; conducting cells are called sieve-tube
members and have a cluster of pores in their end walls collectively known as a sieve plate.
sieve tube members - Answers The conducting cells of phloem; collectively known as a sieve plate; each
one has a companion cell.
Shoot system - Answers In above ground vascular plants; contains the stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits;
anatomy consists of a lateral bud, node, internode, and terminal bud
, Root system - Answers the underground portion of a plant that anchors it in the soil and absorbs water
and dissolved minerals; consists of root and root tip which also contains and apical meristem and
produces primary growth downward.
perennial plants - Answers Those that can outlast winter because their roots can survive to produce new
shoots in spring.
Annual plants - Answers Those that survive for one season only.
Monocots and Eudocots - Answers 2 major groups of flowering plants
cotyledons - Answers Embryonic leaves present in seeds; the main difference between the 2 groups of
flowering plants
Monocots - Answers Plants whose embryos have one cotyledon; these cotyledons store some nutrients
and act as a transfer tissue for nutrients stored elsewhere.
Eudicots (dicots) - Answers Plants whose embryos have two cotyledons; these cotyledons supply
nutrients for seedlings.
Leaves - Answers chief organs of photosynthesis; composed of a blade attached to a peitiole, stalk that
connects blade to stem.
Structures of leaves - Answers Simple leaf-blade is undivided
Compound leaf-blade is divided
Mesophyll - Answers Interior of a leaf; tissue that carries out photosynthesis and vascular tissue that
transports water and minerals to the leaf and sugar out.
Palisade and spongy - Answers 2 distinct regions of mesophyll in a leaf
Palisade mesophyll - Answers Contains elongated, tightly packed cells which increases the surface area
for the absorption of sunlight.
Spongy mesophyll - Answers Contains irregularly shaped cells surrounded by air spaces; loosely packed
arrangement increases amount of surface area for gas exchange and water loss.
non-woody stems - Answers Herbaceous plants that experience only primary growth (zinnias, mint,
daisies); outermost layer is epidermis covered by cuticle; in eudicot stem, beneath epidermis is cortex
and ground tissue in center is the pith; monocots stem lacks cortex and pith; xylem on inside of stem,
phloem on outside
Cortex - Answers Narrow bond of parenchyma cells beneath the epidermis in eudicot stems; sometimes
green and carries on photosynthesis
Pith - Answers Ground tissue in center of eudicot stem
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