TASC: Physical Science || All Answers Are Correct 100%.
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Course
TASC: Physical Science
Institution
TASC: Physical Science
What are atoms and what are they made up of? correct answers Atoms are the smallest unit of matter and are made up of:
-Negatively charged electrons
-Positively charged protons
-Neutral neutrons
How is the periodic table organised? correct answers periods- horizontal lines
groups- vertical...
TASC: Physical Science || All Answers Are Correct 100%.
What are atoms and what are they made up of? correct answers Atoms are the smallest unit of
matter and are made up of:
-Negatively charged electrons
-Positively charged protons
-Neutral neutrons
How is the periodic table organised? correct answers periods- horizontal lines
groups- vertical lines.
organised by atomic number (neutrons in the nucleus of the atoms)
upper right column- non-metals
middle and left (with exception to hydrogen)- metals
black line in the middle- semi-metals and metalloids
What is the PEL? correct answers The PEL is the outermost layer of atoms. It contains up to 8
atoms.
The PEL is important because it dictates the type of bonds formed between them and other
atoms.
What is the pattern found between groups of atoms and electrons in their respective PEL? correct
answers Group 1 has 1 PEL
Group 2 has 2 PEL
Group 13 has 3 PEL
Group 14 has 4 PEL
Group 15 has 5 PEL
Group 16 has 6 PEL
and so on
Group 18 has 8 PEL, this group can have no bonds since the PEL is full
Why do atoms bond? correct answers Atoms want a full PEL
What is an ionic bond? correct answers An ionic bond is when similar atoms join to complete a
full PEL.
Ex- non-metals Water (6 PEL) and Hydrogen (1PEL) bond and attract each other. Oxygen joins
with two Hydrogen atoms to complete a full PEL with 8 atoms
What is a covalent bond? correct answers A covalent bond is when dissimilar atoms give one
another electrons to complete their PELs. The atoms then become ions, one being negatively
charged and the other being positively charged, attract each other and join, due to the fact that
opposites attract.
Ex- Sodium and chloride- Sodium loses an electron to chloride, therefore each atom becomes an
unbalanced ion with an electrical charge. Opposites attract, binding the two together
What are the three states of matter? correct answers Solid (s)- Atoms are in a fixed position,
packed tightly
, Liquid (l)- Atoms are touching, but not in a fixed position, allowing them to roll
Gas (g)- Atoms are spaced apart and have little to no interaction
How can you tell how strong a bond is? correct answers It relies on two factors: boiling and
melting point.
The higher the melting/boiling point, the stronger the bond is
Compounds made up of completely of non metals, like wax, melt and boil extremely quickly.
Metalloids, semi-metals, and metals have higher melting points, like iron (which is why we make
buildings of iron)
Ex- Sand, which has a melting point of 1700ºC
What is chemical energy? correct answers Energy made when atom bonds form or break to cause
things to melt or boil, this causes energy to be released or absorbed
What is an endothermic reaction? correct answers When more energy is absorbed than released.
This makes the temperature around the reaction drop. In an equation like this, energy stays on the
left side of a chemical equation.
What is an exothermic reaction? correct answers When more energy is released than absorbed in
the reaction. Heat is produced. In an equation like this, energy is on the right side of the equation
only.
What is activation energy? correct answers The minimal energy used for a reaction
What is needed to make two atoms react? correct answers Energy to hit each other at high speeds
-temperate rises, releasing kinetic energy and causing the atoms to knock against each other even
harder and with more force
What helps atoms speed up their reaction? correct answers -For gas, add pressure. This causes
the particles to collide more
-Enzymes are catalysts made up of protein in the human body
What is a reversible reaction? correct answers When reactants form a product which then
reverses itself into the products again. This can be counter productive. For example the Harbor
process, which makes ammonium. 3H2 (g) + N2(g) <-->2NH3(l)+Heat
How do you make sure a reversible reaction to stay the same? correct answers 1. The reactants
must be kept high
2. You must remove or drain the product from the reaction shell
3. Make sure the product is cold, as heat will cause a reaction
What is the conservation of mass? correct answers The number of atoms in each element that go
into a reaction must be the same as the number that comes out
What is a balanced equation and how can you tell? correct answers A chemical equation depicts
a reaction between elements and compounds to form a product.
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