Abnormal Psychology Unit 1 Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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Abnormal Psychology
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Abnormal Psychology
Anal Stage - Answer-in psychoanalytic theory, the second psychosexual stage, which occurs in the second year of life when the anus is considered the principal erogenous zone
Asylums - Answer--- refuges established in western Europe in the fifteenth century to confine and provide for the mentally...
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Abnormal Psychology Unit 1 Exam
Questions with Correct Answers
Anal Stage - Answer-in psychoanalytic theory, the second psychosexual stage, which
occurs in the second year of life when the anus is considered the principal erogenous
zone
Asylums - Answer--- refuges established in western Europe in the fifteenth century to
confine and provide for the mentally ill
-- forerunners of the mental hospital
Behavior Therapy - Answer-a branch of psychotherapy conceived narrowly as the
application of classical & operant conditioning to the alteration of clinical problems but
more broadly as applied experimental psychology in a clinical context
Behaviorism - Answer--- John B. Watson
-- a school of thought that considers the effects of stimuli in the environment on
observable behavior only (i.e., not on consciousness or mental functioning)
Cathartic Method - Answer--- introduced by Breuer & developed by Freud in the late
nineteenth century
-- a therapeutic procedure to relieve emotional suffering whereby a patient recalls &
relives an earlier emotional catastrophe & reexperiences the tension & unhappiness
Classical Conditioning - Answer--- Ivan Pavlov
-- a simple methodology in which a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that has
meaning
-- after many associations, the neutral stimulus takes on the same meaning
-- has the most relevance to the development of phobias
Clinical Psychologist - Answer-an individual who has earned a Ph.D. degree in
psychology or a Psy.D. & whose training has included an internship in a mental hospital
or clinic
Collective Unconscious - Answer-Jung's concept that every human being carries within
the wisdom, ideas, & strivings of those who have come before
Conditioned Response (CR) - Answer-an automatic response established by training to
an ordinarily neutral stimulus
Conditioned Stimulus (CS) - Answer-a previously neutral stimulus that, after repeated
association with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits the response produced by the
unconditioned stimulus itself
,Counseling Psychologist - Answer-a doctoral-level mental health professional whose
training is similar to that of a clinical psychologist, though usually with less emphasis on
research & serious psychopathology
Defense Mechanism - Answer--- ways of coping with anxiety
^repression: the action or process of suppressing a thought or desire in oneself so that it
remains unconscious
^displacement: the unconscious transfer of an intense emotion from its original object to
another one
^sublimation: socially unacceptable impulses or idealizations are unconsciously
transformed into socially acceptable actions
Demonology - Answer-suggests that evil beings reside within individuals with mental
illness & control their minds & bodies
Ego - Answer-in psychoanalytic theory, the predominantly conscious part of the
personality, responsible for decision making & for dealing with reality
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) - Answer--- a treatment that produces a convulsion by
passing electric current through the brain
-- despite public concerns about this treatment, it can be useful in alleviating profound
depression
Exorcism - Answer-procedure to drive out the evil spirits
Extinction - Answer--- the elimination of a classically conditioned response by the
omission of the unconditioned stimulus
-- in operant conditioning, the elimination of the conditioned response by the omission of
reinforcement
Fixation - Answer-in psychoanalytic theory, the arrest of psychosexual development at a
particular stage through too much or too little gratification at that stage
Genital Stage - Answer-in psychoanalytic theory, the final psychosexual stage, reached
in adulthood, in which heterosexual interests predominate
Harmful Dysfunction - Answer-proposed definition of psychological disorder that
contains both a value judgment (harmful) & a purtatively objective scientific component
(dysfunction)
Id - Answer-in psychoanalytic theory, the part of the personality present at birth,
comprising all the energy of the psyche & expressed as biological urges that strive
continually for gratification
Latency Period - Answer-in psychoanalytic theory, the years between ages 6 & 12,
during which id impulses play a minor role in motivation
, Law of Effect - Answer--- Edward Thorndike
-- a principle of learning that holds that behavior is acquired by virtue of its
consequences
Libido - Answer--- Freudian term for the life-integrating instinct or force of the id
-- sometimes equated with sexual drive
Marriage & Family Therapist - Answer--- a mental health professional who specializes in
treating couples & families & in how these relationships impact mental health
-- training can be at the master's or Ph.D. level, & some M.S.W. programs offer training
in marriage & family therapy
Modeling - Answer--- Albert Bandura
-- learning by observing & imitating the behavior of others or teaching by demonstrating
& providing opportunities for imitation
Moral Treatment - Answer--- a therapeutic regime, introduced by Philippe Pinel during
the French Revolution, whereby mentally ill patients were released from their restraints
& were treated with compassion & dignity rather than with contempt & denigration
-- Dorothea Dix
Negative Reinforcement - Answer-strengthens responses, but it does so by removing
an aversive event or stimulus
Operant Conditioning - Answer--- B.F. Skinner
-- learning occurs in operant conditioning when an individual's behavior is reinforced in
some manner
Oral Stage - Answer--- in psychoanalytic theory, the first psychosexual stage, which
extends into the second year
-- during this stage the mouth is the principle erogenous zone
Phallic Stage - Answer-in psychoanalytic theory, the third psychosexual stage,
extending from ages 3 to 5 or 6, durring which maximum gratification is obtained from
genital stimulation
Pleasure Principle - Answer-in psychoanalytic theory, the demanding manner by which
the id operates, seeking immediate gratification of its needs
Positive Reinforcement - Answer-the strengthening of a tenancy to exhibit a desired
behavior by rewarding responses in that situation with a desired reward
Psyche - Answer-in psychoanalytic theory, the totality of the id, ego, & superego
including both conscious & unconscious components
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