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Pltw Medical Interventions- 1.2 Review Questions And Answers 100% Correct | Latest Update 2025
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Pltw Medical Interventions- 1.2 Review Questions AndAnswers 100% Correct | Latest Update 2025
Mutation - ANSWER Mutation is a change in the DNA that can sometimes
cause a change in the gene product, which is the target of the antimicrobial.
Destruction or Inactivation - ANSWER Many bacteria possess genes which
produce enzymes that chemically degrade or deactivate the antimicrobial,
rendering them ineffective against the bacterium.
Efflux - ANSWER Certain bacteria can often become resistant to antimicrobials
through a mechanism known as Efflux. An efflux pump is essentially a channel that
actively exports antimicrobial and other compounds out of the cell.
Conjugation - ANSWER Conjugation is mediated by a particular kind of circular
DNA called a plasmid, which replicates independently of the chromosome. Many
plasmids carry genes that confer resistance to antimicrobials. When two cells are
in close proximity to each other, a hollow bridge-like structure, known as a pilus,
forms between two cells. This allows a copy of the plasmid, as it is duplicated, to
be transferred from one bacterium to another.This enables a susceptible bacteria
to acquire resistance to a particular antimicrobial agent.
Transformation - ANSWER During this process, genes are transferred from one
bacterium to another as "naked" DNA.
Transduction - ANSWER In this process, bacterial DNA is transferred from one
bacterium to another inside a virus that infects bacteria. These viruses are called
bacteriophages or bacterial phage.
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