PREVIEW:
QUESTION 1: Discuss empirical research and its components and provide examples where necessary
(15 Marks)
Empirical research refers to the process of collecting and analyzing data obtained through observation,
experimentation, or measurement to develop or test theories. Unlike theoretical research, which relies
on abstract ideas, empirical research is grounded in direct or indirect observation of phenomena. The
process involves gathering verifiable evidence to make objective conclusions.
Empirical research follows a systematic methodology comprising several components, which are critical
in ensuring that the findings are valid, reliable, and applicable to real-world scenarios. These components
include:
1. Research Problem
The research process begins with the identification of a problem or question that requires investigation.
This problem serves as the foundation of the research, guiding what data will be collected and analyzed.
For instance, in the study of employee performance in an organization, the research problem might ask,
"Does employee engagement improve overall productivity?"
2. Hypothesis
A hypothesis is a testable statement that predicts a possible outcome or relationship between variables.
It provides a clear focus for empirical research by suggesting a direction in which to look for evidence.
For example, a hypothesis could be, "Employees who report higher levels of engagement are more
productive than those who report lower levels."
3. Data Collection
Disclaimer:
This component involves gathering information relevant to the research problem. Data can be
The materials provided are intended for educational and informational purposes only. They should not be
collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, interviews, experiments, and observation.
submitted as original work or used in violation of any academic institution's policies. The buyer is solely
The choice of data collection method depends on the nature of the research problem and the type of
responsible for how the materials are used.
data required. For instance, in psychological studies, researchers may use surveys or behavioral
observation to gather data on individuals' responses.
4. Data Analysis
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