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Sports Psychology Exam Questions WITH Verified Solutions
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Sports Psychology Exam QuestionsWITH Verified Solutions
How does intrinsic motivation differ from extrinsic motivation? - -- Intrinsic
from within.
- Extrinsic from outside.
-Explain why intrinsic motivation is thought to be a better form of motivation
than extrinsic motivation. - -- Intrinsic motivation gives performer sense of
control over performance.
- Excessive extrinsic may reduce/lead to loss of intrinsic motivation/play for
prize not love of game.
- Performers demand increasing extrinsic rewards/some
rewards/unimportant/lose their value.
- Failure to achieve extrinsic reward may lead to loss of intrinsic motivation/if
no reward = give up.
- Extrinsic motivation controls or manipulates behaviour/overly
reliant/excessive need for extrinsic - too much pressure/win at all costs/leads
to cheating.
-Suggest three strategies a coach could use to eliminate aggressive
behaviour. - -- Punish aggressive acts/fine player.
- Promote fair play.
- Remove from situation/change position/substitution.
- Encourage peer support.
- Set performance goals.
- Highlight non-aggressive/positive role models.
- Reduce importance of event.
- Stress management techniques.
- Rewards.
- Develop fitness levels.
-Describe the three names components of the triadic model. - -1. Cognitive
- What you believe to be true.
2. Affective - Your feelings or emotional response.
3. Behavioural - Your intended behaviour dependent on your attitude.
-Explain the differences between the terms social inhibition and evaluation
apprehension. - -Social Inhibition: The negative influence of others on
performance who are present at the time.
Evaluation Apprehension: The negative influence of others if the performer
feels they are being judged.
, -Explain how the interactionist theories of personality enable us to predict
the behaviour of performers. - -- Behaviour is a function of personality and
environment / B=f(PxE)
- Leads to stable behaviour in a certain situation.
- Hence able to predict behaviour when performing.
- Change environment change behaviour.
-Explain the concept of 'social facilitation' and how it can affect
performance. - -- Social facilitation is the influence of presence of others on
performance/presence of others increases arousal.
- Social inhibition - Negative effect of audience on performance.
- Audience - those watching.
- Co-Actors - Performing same task but not in competition.
- Competitive co-actors - In direct competition.
- Social reinforcers - direct influence e.g. coach.
- Linked to drive theory.
- Increasing arousal leads to dominant response.
- Experienced performer better - simple tasks.
- Novices perform worse - complex skills.
- Evaluation apprehension - influence greater if being judged.
- Baron's Distraction-conflict theory - need to focus on task and ignore
audience
-Identify the benefits of Goal Setting. - -1. Improved confidence/self-
efficacy.
2. Increased motivation/drive.
3. Prevents learning plateau.
4. Task persistence/push themselves.
5. Reduced anxiety/stress/more relaxed.
6. Focuses attention/concentration/improved selective attention.
-Explain why a coach would use performance goals and outcome goals for a
performer. - -Performance Goals:
- Improve personal standards / personal best.
- To avoid comparisons with others.
Outcome Goals:
- To achieve a better result (win a game, finish in a certain position.)
-Identify and explain the different types of goals that a coach could use to
motivate performers. - -1. SMART Goals
- Specific / measurable / accepted / realistic / time phased / exciting /
recorded.
2. Short/Long-Term Goals:
- Concept of specific goals over differing time scales.
, 3. Outcome/Product Goal:
- Based on end result / against other performers.
- E.g. Finishing position in a race.
4. Performance Goal:
- Based on personal standards.
- E.g. Personal best.
5. Process Goal:
- Based on personal completion of tactics or techniques.
- E.g. completion of specific sub-routine.
-Evaluate how the presence of others can impact performance when taking
a penalty kick. - -- Audience can improve increase/decrease performance.
- Social facilitation = audience improves performance.
- Social inhibition = audience decreases performance.
- Evaluation apprehension = perceived fear of being judged by other players.
-Explain why a coach would use performance goals and outcome goals for a
performer. - -Performance Goals: Improve personal best.
Outcome Goals: Achieve a better result.
-Describe what you understand by the term 'competitive state anxiety.' - --
Anxiety experienced at a specific time during a competitive situation.
- May be cognitive or somatic anxiety.
-Suggest strategies that a coach may use to reduce the effects of social
loafing in a team game and the impact these may have on performance. - -
Strategies:
- Recognise and reward individual effort.
- Give players specific roles/responsibilities.
- Set individual goals.
- Avoid situations in which social loafing could occur.
- Maintain fitness of group/individuals.
- Organise team bonding activities/create more group identity.
Impacts:
- Players should feel more motivated/valued - work harder and feel more
confident.
- Improved relationships/team dynamics.
- Reduce faulty responses/better team work.
- Improvement in all players productivity.
- Reduced fatigue of players.
-Identify the benefits of goal setting. - -- Improved confidence/self-efficacy.
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