perceptual - ANSWERwhat we hear
acoustic - ANSWERwhat we can measure
4 characteristics of voice production: pitch - ANSWERperceptual: how high or low a persons voice is
acoustic: the measurement of the number of a person's vocal folds vibrate per second (fundamental frequency)
fundamental fre...
4 characteristics of voice production: pitch - ANSWERperceptual: how high or low a persons voice is
acoustic: the measurement of the number of a person's vocal folds vibrate per second (fundamental
frequency)
fundamental frequencies of men, women, and children - ANSWERmen: 125 Hz
women: 225-250 Hz
children: 400 Hz
4 characteristics of voice production: intensity - ANSWERperceptual: "loudness" how loud or how
soft a person's voice is
acoustic: measured in decibels
speech is 50-65 dB
shouting is about 85 dB
subglottal air pressure - ANSWERchanged by altering tension in vocal folds or amount of airflow
4 characteristics of voice production: resonance - ANSWERperceptual: how much nasality in the
voice (hyper or hyponasal) determined by shape and size of vocal tract (oral, nasal, pharyngeal
cavities)
acoustic: a little different here; a variety of tasks to determine where sound is resonating
4 characteristics of voice production: vocal quality - ANSWERperceptual: whether the voice is rough,
breathy, harsh, strained, strangled.
acoustic: a few measurements here to measure the "noise" in one's voice.
voice disorders - ANSWERdefined by our perception of the voice. if pitch, loudness, resonance or
quality of the voice is inappropriate for the persons age and/or gender.
types of phonotrauma: hard glottal attack - ANSWERabrupt, hard start to speech
types of phonotrauma: puberphonia - ANSWERmaintaining high pitched voice after puberty
, type of phonotrauma: glottal fry - ANSWERconsistently speaking with too little vocal tension (kim
kardashian)
voice disorders based on phonotrauma - ANSWERmisuse or abuse of the vocal folds
treatment: remove irritant and granuloma will heal without intervention
papilloma - ANSWERwart-like tumor that grows and obstructs airway caused by a virus
treatment: surgical removal
recurrent nature of papilloma often results in repeated surgeries, with scar tissue causing hoarseness
and low pitch breathiness.
carcinoma of the larynx - ANSWERmost common cause: smoking and alcohol consumption;
environmental irritants
first sign: persistent hoarseness (more than 2 weeks)
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