This Biology 111 College Lecture Notes span over 35 pages and offer a comprehensive overview of foundational biology concepts. Topics include cell structure and function, genetics, evolution, ecology, and plant and animal physiology. Organized by lecture topics for easy reference, these notes provi...
Complete Test Bank Campbell Biology 11 edition Questions & Answers with rationales (Chapter 1-56)
Campbell Biology 11th Edition Urry, Cain, Wasserman, Minorsky, Reece Test Bank
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Biology 112
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Ceniya Jefferson
General Biology I
Prof. Weeks
08-24-2023
Chapter I
Themes in the Study of Life
( Study of Life )
- Some properties or attributes of life have a complex pattern,
structure, and organization.
- Macro - Big & zoomed out.
- Micro - Small
Living : Capacity for metabolism ( Chemical Reactions )
Anabolism & Catabolism
^ ^
Simple to complex Opposite
6Co2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 → Photosynthesis
C6H1202 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> Inverse
Plants : Green plants carry on both photosynthesis and cellular
respiration. All plants, not just green plants, do one and animals do
another.
Embryonic Growth - Capacity for growth, Reaction to stimulus, &
Reproduction
● Unicellular,” One cell big “ - Fungus
● Multicellular “ Many cells “ - Humans
, ● Order ( Biosphere,Ecosystem,Communities, Population, Organisms,
Organs & Organ Systems, Tissues,Cells, Organelles, Molecules,to
Atoms )
● Animals Classification Order ( Dear, King, Philip,Came, Over, For,
Green Spaghetti ) Domain, Kingdom, Phylum,Class, Order, Family,
Genus, and Species
● Creator - Carlos Linnaeus Latin Name : Carl von Linne GERMAN
● Genus name - always capitalized
KEY - Form & Function / The Basic Unit of Structure and Function
Domains ( 3 ) Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
^ ^ ^
Prokaryotic, No nucleus but nucleoid, Also Bacteria & Prokaryotic, no special
molecules for props, extreme environments
( Eukarya )
- Eukaryotic
- No circular DNA
- DNA is always found in nucleus as two for more chromosomes
Kingdoms of Eukarya
Protists :
- Eukaryotic
- Lack tissue differentiation
- Not a kingdom to itself
- Classification under debate
Fungi :
- Eukaryotic
- Includes yeasts, molds, mushrooms, bracket fungus, rusts, smuts
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae
( Intro to Scientific Method )
- Scientific investigations basically have four stages
) 1. Observing what is going on
) Data Collection
) Collection and Analyzation
) Reasoning ( Logic ) - Inductive & Deductive
JUMP
- Observing what is going on
- Forming hypothesis
- Testing the hypothesis
Accept & Reject
- Forming a conclusion
- Synthesizing theories
*Science can not tell you if something is true. A hypothesis is not an
educated guess. Upon further inspection, can cause a modified course.
To know about something being true is not science, but epistemology. No
science without philosophy*
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