PSY-203 Human Growth & Development CH.1, 2, & 3 || A+
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lifespan development correct answers the field of study that examines patterns of growth,
change, and stability in behavior that occur throughout the entire life span
Physical Development correct answers development involving the body's physical makeup,
including the brain, nervous system, muscles, and senses, and the need for food, drink, and sleep
cognitive development correct answers study of how children acquire the ability to learn, think,
reason, communicate, and remember
personality development correct answers Change in personality over time, including the
development of adult personality from its origins in infancy and childhood, and changes in
personality over the life span.
Social Development correct answers the way in which individuals' interactions with others and
their social relationships grow, change, and remain stable over the course of life
social construction correct answers An idea or practice that a group of people agree exists. It is
maintained over time by people taking its existence for granted.
history-graded influences correct answers biological and environmental influences associated
with a particular historical moment
cohort correct answers a group of people from a given time period
age-graded influences correct answers biological and environmental influences that are similar
for individuals in a particular age group, regardless of when or where they are raised.
sociocultural-graded influences correct answers the social and cultural factors present at a
particular time for a particular individual, depending on such variables as ethnicity, social class,
and subcultural membership
non-normative life events correct answers specific, atypical events that occur in a particular
person's life at a time when such events do not happen to most people
Major Issues in Developmental Psychology correct answers 1. nature and nurture
2. continuity and stages
3. stability and change
nature correct answers the influence of our inherited characteristics on our personality, physical
growth, intellectual growth, and social interactions
, nurture correct answers the influence of the environment on personality, physical growth,
intellectual growth, and social interactions
Continuity correct answers the tendency to perceive things as simply as possible with a
continuous pattern rather than with a complex, broken-up pattern
discontinuity correct answers developing with some stages of rapid growth and some of
relatively little change
psychodynamic perspective correct answers how behavior springs from unconscious drives and
conflicts
Sigmund Freud correct answers psychosexual stages of development until adolescence.
Erik Erikson correct answers 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people
evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves
confronting "Who am I?"
behavioral and social cognitive theories correct answers theories holding that development can
be described in terms of the behaviors learned through interactions with the environment
James Watson correct answers behavioral theory. development through rewards and
punishments.
Albert Bandura correct answers social-cognitive; personality comes from observing others and
modeling ourselves after them
cognitive perspective correct answers A psychological approach that emphasizes mental
processes in perception, memory, language, problem solving, and other areas of behavior
Jean Piaget correct answers Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor, 2.
preoperational, 3. concrete operational, and 4. formal operational. He said that the two basic
processes work in tandem to achieve cognitive growth-assimilation and accomodation
information processing theory correct answers a perspective that compares human thinking
processes, by analogy, to computer analysis of data, including sensory input, connections, stored
memories, and output
Humanistic Perspective correct answers stresses the human capacity for self-fulfillment and the
importance of consciousness, self-awareness, and the capacity to make choices
Rogers correct answers unconditional positive regard; the primary goal in life is self-
actualization, which means reaching for your full potential.
contextual perspective correct answers considers the relationship between individuals and their
physical, cognitive, personality, and social worlds
