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PSYCH 203 Final || with 100% Accurate Solutions.

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  • PSYCH 203
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  • PSYCH 203

What is the purpose of correlational research correct answers Purpose is to describe the relationship between two or more naturally occurring(not experimentally manipulated) variables What variable is the predictor correct answers X What variable is the outcome correct answers Y What is me...

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  • October 16, 2024
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  • PSYCH 203
  • PSYCH 203
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PSYCH 203 Final || with 100% Accurate Solutions.
What is the purpose of correlational research correct answers Purpose is to describe the
relationship between two or more naturally occurring(not experimentally manipulated) variables

What variable is the predictor correct answers X

What variable is the outcome correct answers Y

What is measure correct answers -variables representing two or more constructs of interest

How can measurement be taken correct answers Observation, physiological, self report, etc.
-all considerations for high quality measurement apply

Scale of measurement correct answers Interval or ratio
-for a pearson correlation analysis, both variables must be measured on a continuous scales

Relationships are described by correct answers -corrlation coefficient
-ranges from -1 to +1
-scatterplots (visual)
-data points and trend lines

How do we know if variables are indeed related (correlated) correct answers We collect
measurements of the two variables andthen compute r

What does r indicate correct answers The extent of a linear relationship between two variables
1. Strength
2. Direction
3. Rangs from -1 t +1

What is a correlation coefficient correct answers It represents the fraction o the variation in one
variable that may be explained by the other variable

When do we typically use a correlation coefficient correct answers To express degree of co-
variation

Direction of relationship: positive correct answers Scoers on both variables up or both down

Negative direction correct answers Scores on one go up while other goes down

High magnitude of relationship correct answers Strong relationship (close to -1. Or +1)

Low magnitude of relationship correct answers Weak relationship (closer to 0)

Two important parts of scatterplots correct answers Data points and trend lines

, Trend line equals what correct answers Slope or direction of effect

What is leverage correct answers When an outlier is influential and can pull trend line up or
down

Types of correlations correct answers -positive
-negative
-none
-curvlinear

Limitations of correlation coefficients correct answers -curvilinear relationship
-restricted range
-outliers
-measure reliability

Curvilinear relationship correct answers Correlations only work with linear relationships
-might have two separate associations going in different directions

Restricted range correct answers When not enough data in your sample it can limit the
magnitude of the correlation and conclude there is not a relationship

Outliers correct answers Defined as + or - 3 SD from the mean
-these can heavily skew your correlation coefficient, likely making it smaller in magnitude

What is measure reliability correct answers Less reliable measures, lower correlation coefficients
-if the measure isn't reliable it won't accurately capture the variable you are investigating making
relationships weaker

Types of correlation correct answers -pearson
-spearman rank order
-point biserial
-phi coefficient

Pearson correlation correct answers Both variables are interval or ratio (ex: GPA and days
attnded class )
-this is most commonly used

Spearman rank-order correlation correct answers One or both variables are ordinal (or rank) ex:
high school rank and college rank of collge attended

Point biserial correlation correct answers -one dichtomous variable and the other is ratio or
interval (ex:gender and depression)
-dichotomous variables are like nominal, but they only have two levels, such as gender

Phi coefficient correct answers Both variabls are dichotomous (ex: gender and high school
dropout)

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