personality psychology correct answers the scientific study of internally produced patterns of thinking, feeling, & behaving, and the structures and processes that create them
Barnum Effect correct answers a tendency to believe vaguely-worded mostly positive feedback
Personality Process corre...
UW Psych 203 online midterm || A+ Verified Solutions.
personality psychology correct answers the scientific study of internally produced patterns of
thinking, feeling, & behaving, and the structures and processes that create them
Barnum Effect correct answers a tendency to believe vaguely-worded mostly positive feedback
Dogmatism correct answers learning by authority; an idea is true if someone in authority says it's
true
Rationalism correct answers learning by using logic; an idea is true if logical analysis indicates it
must be true
- Descartes: I think, therefore I am
Empiricism correct answers an idea is true if it can be verified by sensory experience
Positivism correct answers an idea is true if it can be verified by the sensory experience of
multiple, neutral observers
4 Functions of Science correct answers 1. Description
- science can tell us what the world is like
2. Prediction
- science can be used to predict one think from another
3. Explanation
- science can be used to explain phenomena
4. Control
- create, modify, or eliminate phenomena
Science = Logical Positivism correct answers scientists use logic to generate hypotheses, then
test their hypotheses using positivism
Variable correct answers any quality or attribute for which there is variability
ex: height
theory correct answers general principles that seek to explain why 2 or more variables are related
Criteria Used to evaluate theories correct answers Parsimony - uncluttered, simple
Breadth - broad, explain many different things
, Generativity - must generate research
Traits correct answers characteristic modes of thinking, feeling, and behaving
- basic unit of personality
- cannot be studied directly
- continuous, not categorical
Behavior and traits correct answers we assume traits determine behaviors & we infer traits from
behavior
Trait Stability correct answers mean levels change over time but rank-order stability found after
age 30
- thrill seeking declines with age
- rank-order instability before age 30
Five Factor Model correct answers 1. Extraversion
2. Neuroticism (Emotional Stability)
3. Agreeableness
4. Conscientiousness
5. Openness to Experience
Extraversion (FFM) correct answers tendency to be oriented toward & drawing energy from the
external world
- sociable/unsociable
- energetic/quiet
- outgoing/withdrawn
- enthusiastic/calm
Neuroticism (FFM) correct answers tendency to experience a wide range of negative emotions
(vs. positive)
- anxious/calm
- fearful/secure
- distressed/stable
- upset/content
Agreeableness (FFM) correct answers tendency to be good-natured, easy-going, and cooperative
- warm/cold
- sincere/phony
- trusting/cynical
- accommodating/stubborn
Conscientiousness (FFM) correct answers tendency to be disciplined, organized, and persistent
- dependable/irresponsible
- organized/disorganized
- hard working/lazy
- meticulous/careless
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